Number: RL32504
Title: Funding Plant and Animal Health Emergencies: Transfers from the Commodity Credit Corporation
Authors: Jim Monke and Geoffrey S. Becker, Resources, Science, and Industry Division 
Abstract: In recent years, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has been concerned over the frequent use of CCC transfers for the eradication of plant and animal pests and diseases, which OMB has said should be funded through regular appropriations after the initial outbreak. However, congressional appropriations committees have consistently reiterated that the Secretary should use the authority to transfer CCC funds, and USDA has continued its past practice of using the funds. Analysis of CCC transfers for plant and animal health emergencies from FY1998 to FY2005 leads to several observations. First, the number and value of CCC transfers rose substantially from FY1998 to FY2003. Second, several eradication programs were short-term and funded only by CCC transfers, while other programs consistently have received CCC transfers in addition to appropriations. Finally, some programs receive large, initial CCC transfers followed by progressively smaller transfers as appropriations gradually take their place. Examples of pest and disease programs receiving CCC transfers in recent years include Asian longhorned beetle, avian influenza, bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("mad cow disease"), citrus canker, emerald ash borer, glassy-winged sharpshooter, plum pox, and sudden oak death.
Pages: 16
Date: October 19, 2005