Number: RL32384
Title: EPAs Proposed Policy on Wastewater Blending: Background and Issues
Authors: Claudia Copeland, Resources, Science, and Industry Division 
Abstract: This report provides background on blending, why and how it is practiced, EPA's proposed policy, associated issues, and congressional interest in the topic. Controversy exists about whether the practice is lawful under water quality regulations, whether it is harmful to human health or the environment, and whether it is good from a policy perspective. Supporters of the proposed policy, including many cities, municipal organizations and some states, say that if blending is restricted or prohibited, cities will be forced to spend limited public resources on costly water infrastructure improvements that are used infrequently. Such critics as environmental advocates and other states say that blending allows treatment plants to discharge wastewater that could contain harmful pathogenic microorganisms. Many critics also said that EPA's proposed policy would have allowed treatment plants to blend even when other more environmentally protective technological options are available. A key issue was whether the policy would have clarified EPA regulations to allow the safe use of blending by cities, as EPA intended, or would have fostered wider use of wastewater management practices that critics believe will harm public health and the environment.
Pages: 17
Date: May 24, 2005