For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-RL31323 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Order Code RL31323 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment Data: A Statistical Overview Updated March 19, 2002 Mary Jane Bolle Specialist in International Trade Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ~ The Library of Congress State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment Data: A Statistical Overview Summary This statistical overview is a collection of tables summarizing key international trade data, by state. The tables show, for each state, the overall level of exports, the relative importance of various trading partners, and the importance of foreign investment. More specifically, the tables are divided into three categories, providing: (1) data on export levels and export growth since 1993, ranked by state both within the United States and within Census regions; (2) state export data to eight countries and eight key international regions with which or for which the United States already has or is considering trade agreements and preferential trade laws, and (3) data on levels of foreign direct investment, both overall and for the manufacturing sector, by state. These tables can be used as general background or as input into debates on trade agreements and preferential trade laws from the perspective of the individual state. In the past 25 years, international trade has surged. Merchandise exports plus imports have risen from roughly 10% of GDP in 1973 when exports and imports were nearly equal, to about 20% of GDP in 2000, in which year imports constituted 61% of all goods traded. Since 1993, shortly before the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect in 1994 and the Final Act of the 1986 -1994 Uruguay Round of trade negotiations, which created the World Trade Organization, went into effect in 1995, imports have grown roughly 1.5 times as fast as exports. The rising importance of imports and exports to the U.S. economy has led to increased congressional focus on trade issues. While data are readily available on exports by state, data are not available on imports by state. This is because, for the most part, each state's exports are tracked from the air, sea, or land port of exit (typically in the same state in which they are produced) to their destination countries, while imports are tracked from the originating country only as far as the first port of entry into the United States. Similarly, state data on foreign direct investment are available solely for foreign investment in the United States. Data in this report reflect the current international investment position in the United States. State export data in this report include the following countries and trade areas which are key trading partners, are covered by existing trade agreements, or are covered by proposed or possible future trade agreements and preferential trade laws: Canada, Mexico, (North American Free Trade Agreement ­ NAFTA­ partners). Japan, China, the European Union, Latin America (which would join with North America to create the Free Trade Area of the Americas), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, and Sub-Saharan African countries, plus Chile, Israel, Jordan, and Singapore. This report will be updated annually, or as needed. Contents Impact of Trade and Investment on Economic Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Congressional Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Highlights of Data Presented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A Note on the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 List of Figures Figure 1. Quick Reference Guide: Where to Find Exports, by State, to the Following Countries and Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 List of Tables Table 1. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by $ Value in 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Table 2. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Table 3. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Percent Change in Exports, 1993-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 4. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Exports as a Percent of Gross State Product (GSP), in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 5. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Key Countries, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Table 6. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Other Countries for which Trade Agreements Exist or Are Being Negotiated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Table 7. State Merchandise Exports to the World, by Major World Region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 8. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Three Latin-America Sub-Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Table 9. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region by $ Value, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Table 10. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Table 11. Levels of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the United States, for All Industries and for Manufacturing, and total FDI as a % of total Gross State Product (GSP), by Region and State, 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment Data: A Statistical Overview This statistical overview is a collection of tables summarizing some key international trade data, by state. The tables show, for each state, the overall level of exports, the relative importance of various trading partners, and the importance of foreign investment in the economy of that state. More specifically, the state data tables are divided into three categories, providing: (1) data on total state export levels and export growth since 1993; (2) state export data to eight key international regions and eight countries, and (3) data on foreign direct investment overall, for the manufacturing sector, and as a percent of gross state product, by state. These tables can be used as general background materials, or as input into debates on trade legislation. Impact of Trade and Investment on Economic Activity In the past 25 years, Figure 1. Quick Reference Guide: international trade has surged. Where to Find Exports, by State, to the Merchandise exports plus Following Countries and Regions imports have risen from roughly 10% of GDP in 1973 when they were nearly equal, to COUNTRIES PAGE nearly 20% of GDP in 2000, a Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 year when imports accounted China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 for 61% of all trade. Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 In particular, since 1993, Jordan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 just before the North American Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Free Trade Agreem ent (NAFTA) and the the Final TRADE REGIONS Act of the 1986 -1994 Uruguay NAFTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Round of trade negotiations, European Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 which created the World Trade Caribbean Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Organization, went into effect, Central America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 imports have grown very fast ­ South America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 about twice as fast as exports. ASEAN Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 This rising importance of imports and exports, with implications for both individual CRS-2 states and the U.S. economy, has led to increased congressional focus on trade issues. 1 Exports offer a number of benefits for states. They are a source of pride because they reflect a state's interests in promoting jobs in manufacturing in the larger world economy. Export industries tend to be those in which a state has a comparative advantage, and can produce goods relatively more efficiently (i.e. have higher productivity) than can its trading partners. Exports are also a source of jobs. In 2000, each billion dollars worth of merchandise exports supported roughly 10,270 jobs.23 As a result of their higher productivity, export industries tend to support higher wages than other manufacturing industries. Thus, state export industries contribute to higher productivity and higher income for the economy as a whole. Imports are often viewed as threats to producers in import-competing industries, since competition from cheaper imports shrinks profit margins and reduces market share. Imports often represent "sunset" industries and sub-industries ­ those for which the technology has matured enough for production to be moved abroad and carried out by less developed countries, where they provide a springboard for economic growth. This leaves U.S. companies to focus their energies on emerging and evolving industries. Imports offer a variety of benefits to consumers and to the economy as a whole, including greater variety of products and quality, and lower costs of imports. As a result, consumers are able to buy a larger quantity of all goods including domestically produced goods. Imports have other benefits as well. They can serve as inputs for domestic production, which may, in turn, be exported. Alternatively, they may be finished products which incorporate U.S. exports. Overall, imports, because they are typically less expensive than a country could produce domestically, enable consumers to enjoy, in effect, a higher standard of living. Inward flows of foreign direct investment into states (which may appear in a number of forms including manufacturing operations, retail stores, financial institutions, and insurance businesses) are viewed by some as a threat to established businesses and established ways of life. On the other hand, states often go to great lengths to attract foreign direct investment, including competing against other states for it. However, inflows of foreign direct investment also bring new companies, new technologies, new management strategies, new work practices, and new jobs. In some cases there is broad support for foreign direct investment. In other cases, there is controversy. The total stock of foreign direct investment in the United States, 1 The White House. Economic Report of the President. February 2002, tables B-1 and B- 103. 2 U.S. Trade Representative estimates based on Department of Commerce data for preceding years. 3 These figures are extrapolations from an input-output model developed by the University of Maryland under contract with the Department of Commerce in the 1980s and 1990s. The last year for which data were actually calculated by the model was 1994. Because these extrapolations may not capture important changes in the U.S. economy since that time, they should be used with caution. CRS-3 which comes primarily from Europe and Canada, has grown from $124.7 billion in 1982 to $1.2 trillion in 2000. Outward flows of U.S. investment abroad are also seen by some as social and/or economic threats. Long established factories might close down and relocate abroad, or U.S.-based multinational corporations might set up new operations in other developed or developing countries. In deciding to choose whether to invest domestically or abroad, and where, firms make choices based on a broad spectrum of economic factors. The majority of U.S. direct investment abroad is concentrated in advanced economies with cost structures similar to those in the United States, and the share has been rising in recent years. Only 30% of U.S. direct investment abroad is in developing countries. In part this is because, when businesses are simply packed up and relocated, or when lower technology, labor-intensive operations are set up in developing countries, the costs per business ­ the value of U.S. investment abroad ­ are typically relatively low. Outflows of foreign direct investment often support inter-industry trade by U.S. multinational corporations. Thus, goods produced in U.S. factories abroad may find their way back to the United States either as components for U.S. produced goods or as final products for U.S. consumption. U.S. direct investment abroad for 2000 is equal to foreign direct investment in the United States ­ $1.2 trillion. Congressional Interest Members of Congress often express interest in how their states are being affected by international trade and investment flows. Inquiries may be driven by: (a) legislative proposals for reauthorization of presidential "fast-track" negotiating authority; (b) legislation implementing a new trade agreement or adopting other trade liberalizing measures; or (c) oversight of an existing agreement. As input in the legislative process, Members tend to be particularly interested in trade and investment data, by state. Ideally, the purpose of this report would be to track exports, imports, foreign direct investment, and U.S. investment abroad, by state. Unfortunately, data are not available on either imports by State or U.S. investment abroad by state. The Census data track U.S. exports from their port of exit (typically a land, sea, or airport in the same state in which the goods are produced) to the country of their final destination. But Census data track imports from the originating country only as far as their port of entry into the United States, and not to their final state destination. Similarly, Census data track foreign investment inflows to their destination. However, they do not track outflows of U.S. investment abroad from their source. As a result, this report is able to include data only on exports and foreign direct investment in the United States, and not data on imports and U.S. investment abroad. Thus, data in this report show one-half of the full state trade picture. CRS-4 Highlights of Data Presented Tables 1-4 present data on state exports for 2000 ranked by total export value, by absolute and percent change in exports, and by percent of gross state product that is exported. Tables 9-10 repeat the first three tables, organizing them by Census regions. Tables 5-8 track state exports for 2000 to individual countries and regions. Included in these tables are eight countries and eight regions which are key trading partners, or with which the United States has or is currently negotiating free trade agreements. Table 11 includes data on foreign direct investment in the United States for 1999 (most recent data), by state within seven key Census regions: for all industries and for manufacturing, and tracks total foreign direct investment as a percent of total U.S. foreign direct investment, and as a percent of gross state product for each state. Some of the major highlights for each table follow: Table 1. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by $ Value in 2000. This table shows that eight states, California, Texas, New York, Michigan, Washington, Illinois, Ohio, and new Jersey, account for 56% of total U.S. exports, and that 21 states and one U.S. territory have negligible exports. Table 2. State Merchandise Exports to the world, Ranked by $Change in Exports, 1993-2000. This table shows that the states with the largest dollar growth in exports between 1993 and 2000 tended to be the same states that were the largest state exporters in table 1 (with a few differences.) Table 3. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Percent Change in Exports, 1993-2000. This table shows that export growth has been diverse among the states. Some states that have logged the largest growth in exports border or nearly border Canada (Montana, Idaho, North and South Dakota), or Mexico (Alabama, Mississippi). Other states with large percentage export growth started from relatively lower base levels (Nevada, Kentucky, South Carolina, and New Hampshire. Other states expanded exports from an already large export base (Michigan and New Jersey). Table 4. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Exports as a Percent of Gross State Product (GSP) in 1999. This table shows that five states (Washington, Vermont, Delaware, Michigan, and Oregon) export 10% or more of their total state output. It also shows that several other major industrial or high-tech states (Texas, California, Minnesota, and Indiana) export 8% or more of their state output. Table 5. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Key Countries, 2000. This table shows that a number of states export more than 40% of their total exports to Canada: Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Montana, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Vermont (with a high of 82%) although the U.S. total is 24%; but that only three states send more than a third of their exports to Mexico (Michigan, CRS-5 Mississippi, and Texas). Total U.S. exports to Mexico are 14% of all exports. To Japan, Hawaii exports a greater proportion of its goods than any other state (54%), with Alaska second. (The U.S. total is 8%). To China, Washington leads, with 5% of its exports going there. (The U.S. total is 2%). Table 6. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Other Countries for which Trade Agreements Exist or are Being Negotiated. This table shows that Florida is the largest exporter to Chile; New York and California are the largest exporters to Israel; Pennsylvania is the largest exporter to Jordan; and California and Texas are the largest exporters to Singapore. Table 7. State Merchandise Exports to the World by Major World Region, 2000. This table tracks state exports to five key regions: NAFTA (37% of all U.S. exports), the European Union (21%), Latin America excluding Mexico (8%), ASEAN (10 Asian) countries (6%), and Sub-Saharan Africa (0.8%). For the United States as a whole, these exports represent 72% of all U.S. exports. Table 8. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Three Latin- America Sub-Regions. This table is a sub-table to the Latin America, column 3 of table 7. It shows that Florida is the largest exporter to the Caribbean, to Central America, and to South America. North Carolina is the second largest exporter to Central America, and Texas is the second largest exporter to South America. Table 9. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region by $ Value in 2000. This table includes the same data as table 1, but the states are ranked within Census regions. This table shows that the North Central region accounts for roughly a quarter of all exports, and that it, the Pacific, Mid-Atlantic, and South Central regions together account for 78% of all U.S. exports. Table 10. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000. This table includes the same data as table 2, but the states are ranked within Census regions. This table shows that two Census regions accounted for nearly half the export growth between 1993 and 2000. One is the North Central Region of 12 industrial and farming states. The other is the Pacific region, which includes five states. Table 11. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the United States for all Industries and for Manufacturing, and total FDI as a % of Total Gross State Product (GSP), by Region and State, 1999. This table shows that for the nation as a whole the stock of foreign direct investment in the United States is equal to about 11% of total gross state product for 1999 (most recent year). New York and Alaska have the highest level of FDI relative to their gross state product. California and Texas have received the greatest total amounts of FDI, together commanding about one-fifth of all FDI in the United States. Most regions, however (except for New England and the Mountain region) are fairly equal in the percent of total FDI which they have received from other countries. FDI in manufacturing accounts for nearly half of all FDI.. CRS-6 A Note on the Data4 Data in the following tables are from the Exporter Location Series, provided to the International Trade Administration by the U.S. Census Bureau. The published data are based on initial data compiled from U.S. export declarations. This series allocates exports according to the physical location of exporters. It typically allocates exports to locations from which the goods were sold. Locations from which firms sell their products do not always coincide with the locations where export goods are produced. Alaska is perhaps the best example of how export production and sales can diverge. Possibly more than two-thirds of Alaska's export production is typically sold by wholesalers or other intermediary exporters that are located outside the state; thus only about one third of Alaska's export value is represented by the data on the tables that follow. Moreover, the divergence between production and sales locations means that the statistics will sometimes show substantial exports of manufactured products from states or localities where manufacturing plants are virtually nonexistent. 4 Information for this section was taken from U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration's Appendix: Guide to State and Sub-State Export Data. [http://www.ita.doc.gov/td/industry/otea/state/technote.html]. CRS-7 Table 1. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by $ Value in 2000 Value of % of Value of % of Exports Total Exports Total (In U.S. (In U.S. Rank State $millions) Exports Rank State $millions) Exports 1 California 129,939 17 29 Kansas 5,050 1 2 Texas 68,746 9 30 Maryland 4,997 1 3 New York 53,007 7 31 D. of Col. 4,728 1 4 Michigan 51,615 7 32 Louisiana 3,860 a 5 Washington 33,355 4 33 Iowa 3,262 a 6 Illinois 32,249 4 34 Oklahoma 3,257 a 7 Ohio 29,125 4 35 Nebraska 3,141 a 8 New Jersey 28,778 4 36 Idaho 2,797 a 9 Florida 24,213 3 37 Utah 2,713 a 10 Pennsylvania 23,968 3 38 Vermont 2,660 a 11 Mass. 19,747 3 39 N. Hamp. 2,475 a 12 Minnesota 17,538 2 40 Arkansas 2,068 a 13 N. Car. 14,975 2 41 Mississippi 1,776 a 14 Indiana 14,813 2 42 Nevada 1,754 a 15 Connecticut 13,180 2 43 Maine 1,665 a 16 Colorado 12,265 2 44 W. Virginia 1,472 a 17 Georgia 11,772 2 45 R. Island 1,169 a 18 Tennessee 11,414 1 46 Alaska 985 a 19 Wisconsin 10,858 1 47 N. Dakota 711 a 20 Virginia 10,547 1 48 N. Mex. 645 a 21 Arizona 9,997 1 49 Montana 551 a 22 Oregon 9,434 1 50 S. Dakota 497 a 23 Kentucky 8,758 1 51 Hawaii 369 a 24 Missouri 7,931 1 52 Virgin Is. 212 a 25 S. Carolina 7,818 1 53 Wyoming 142 a 26 Puerto Rico 7,724 1 Unallocated 52,183 7 27 Delaware 5,888 1 28 Alabama 5,624 1 TOTAL 780,417 100 Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau. a: value less than 1%. Unallocated: unidentified by state. CRS-8 Table 2. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000 Change in Exports Change in Exports 1993-2000, 1993-2000, Rank State in $ millions Rank State in $ millions 1 California 61,872 29 Maryland 2,283 2 Texas 33,124 30 Kansas 1,941 3 Michigan 26,293 31 Idaho 1,561 4 New Jersey 14,238 32 Nebraska 1,400 5 New York 12,305 33 New Hampshire 1,340 6 Illinois 11,902 34 Iowa 1,307 7 Ohio 11,473 35 Nevada 1,250 8 Pennsylvania 10,778 36 Mississippi 972 9 Florida 9,517 37 Arkansas 958 10 Massachusetts 8,153 38 Oklahoma 922 11 Minnesota 7,564 39 West Virginia 718 12 North Carolina 6,998 40 Utah 668 13 Indiana 6,367 41 Louisiana 639 14 Colorado 6,050 42 Maine 600 15 Washington 5,957 43 Vermont 384 16 Georgia 5,722 44 North Dakota 368 17 Kentucky 5,433 45 Montana 307 18 Tennessee 5,263 46 South Dakota 284 19 Wisconsin 5,048 47 New Mexico 245 20 South Carolina 4,598 48 Rhode Island 231 21 Arizona 4,212 49 Alaska 167 22 Puerto Rico 3,358 50 Hawaii 152 23 Oregon 3,229 51 Wyoming 53 24 Missouri 3,197 52 Virgin Islands 50 25 Alabama 3,120 53 Dist. of Col. 26 26 Connecticut 2,979 Unallocated 13,118 27 Delaware 2,433 28 Virginia 2,429 TOTAL 315,556 Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau. Unallocated: unidentified by state. CRS-9 Table 3. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Percent Change in Exports, 1993-2000 % Change in % Change in Exports 1993- Exports 1993- Rank State 2000 Rank State 2000 1 Nevada 248 28 Arizona 73 2 Kentucky 163 29 Delaware 70 3 South Carolina 143 30 Massachusetts 70 4 South Dakota 133 31 Hawaii 70 5 Montana 126 32 Missouri 68 6 Idaho 126 33 Iowa 67 7 Alabama 125 34 Ohio 65 8 Mississippi 121 35 Florida 65 9 New Hampshire 118 36 Kansas 62 10 North Dakota 107 37 New Mexico 61 11 Michigan 104 38 Wyoming 60 12 New Jersey 98 39 Illinois 59 13 Colorado 97 40 Maine 56 14 West Virginia 95 41 Oregon 52 15 Georgia 95 42 Oklahoma 40 16 Texas 93 43 Utah 33 17 California 91 44 Virgin Islands 31 18 North Carolina 88 45 New York 30 19 Wisconsin 87 46 Virginia 30 20 Arkansas 86 47 Connecticut 29 21 Tennessee 86 48 Rhode Island 25 22 Maryland 84 49 Washington 22 23 Pennsylvania 82 50 Alaska 21 24 Nebraska 80 51 Louisiana 20 25 Puerto Rico 77 52 Vermont 17 26 Minnesota 76 53 Dist. of Columbia 0.6 27 Indiana 75 Unallocated 34 28 Arizona 73 AVERAGE 68 Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter location series, Census Bureau. Unallocated: unidentified by state. CRS-10 Table 4. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Exports as a Percent of Gross State Product (GSP), in 1999 Ex- Ex- 1999 in $millions ports 1999 in $millions ports as % as % of of State Exports GSP GSP State Exports GSP GSP 1 Washington 36,826 209,258 18% 27 North Carolina 13,571 258,592 5% 2 Vermont 2,827 17,164 16% 28 Maine 1,785 34,064 5% 3 Delaware 4,857 34,669 14% 29 Pennsylvania 19,528 382,980 5% 4 Michigan 41,490 308,310 13% 30 Florida 22,544 442,895 5% 5 Oregon 11,164 109,694 10% 31 New Jersey 2,159 44,229 5% 6 Texas 61,706 687,272 9% 32 Utah 2,789 62,641 4% 7 California 102,864 1,229,098 8% 33 Virginia 10,722 242,221 4% 8 Minnesota 14,401 172,982 8% 34 Missouri 7,431 170,470 4% 9 Indiana 14,584 182,202 8% 35 Alabama 4,899 115,071 4% 10 Dist. of Col. 4,344 55,832 8% 36 Georgia 11,061 275,719 4% 11 Connecticut 11,335 151,779 7% 37 North Dakota 635 16,991 4% 12 Ohio 26,562 361,981 7% 38 Nebraska 1,991 53,744 4% 13 Colorado 11,171 153,728 7% 39 Alaska 950 26,353 4% 14 Kentucky 8,016 113,539 7% 40 Iowa 2,985 85,243 4% 15 Arizona 10,123 143,683 7% 41 Rhode Island 1,105 32,546 3% 16 Illinois 30,857 445,666 7% 42 Louisiana 3,947 128,959 3% 17 Massachusetts 17,106 262,564 7% 43 Arkansas 1,829 64,773 3% 18 New Mexico 21,008 331,544 6% 44 Oklahoma 2,405 86,382 3% 19 Idaho 2,117 34,025 6% 45 Maryland 4,068 174,710 2% 20 South Carolina 6,476 106,917 6% 46 Mississippi 1,454 64,286 2% 21 Kansas 4,856 80,843 6% 47 West Virginia 897 40,685 2% 22 New York 2,965 51,026 6% 48 Montana 404 20,636 2% 23 New Hampshire 43,297 754,590 6% 49 Nevada 1,083 69,864 2% 24 Wisconsin 9,546 166,481 6% 50 Wyoming 156 17,448 1% 25 Tennessee 9,343 170,085 5% 51 Hawaii 244 40,914 1% TOTAL 630,483 9,287,348 7% Source: Export data: Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce; gross domestic product data: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. CRS-11 Table 5. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Key Countries, 2000 Merchandise Exports to Four Key Countries, in $ millions Canada Mexico Japan China Total, four countries % of % of % of % of WORLD all all all % of all STATE Exports Expts. Ex- Expts. Ex- Expts. Ex- Expts. all Ex- Expts. Ex- ($mil) ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports Ala. 5,624 1,581 28% 756 13% 284 5% 26 0% 2,647 47% Alaska 985 284 29% 7 1% 332 34% 3 0% 626 64% Ariz. 9,997 1,533 15% 2,130 21% 397 4% 98 1% 4,158 42% Ark. 2,068 789 38% 349 17% 91 4% 15 1% 1,244 60% Calif. 129,939 15,162 12% 14,404 11% 17,976 14% 3,620 3% 51,162 39% Colo. 12,265 1,095 9% 1,389 11% 1,464 12% 214 2% 4,162 34% Conn. 13,180 2,008 15% 1,112 8% 861 7% 453 3% 4,434 34% Del. 5,888 989 17% 411 7% 477 8% 154 3% 2,031 34% D. of C. 4,728 128 3% 32 1% 552 12% 8 0% 720 15% Florida 24,213 2,493 10% 1,954 8% 1,401 6% 529 2% 6,377 26% Georgia 11,772 2,480 21% 2,418 21% 728 6% 210 2% 5,836 50% Hawaii 369 27 7% 2 1% 201 54% 2 1% 232 63% Idaho 2,797 402 14% 127 5% 377 13% 61 2% 967 35% Illinois 32,249 8,521 26% 3,385 10% 1,984 6% 1,025 3% 14,915 46% Indiana 14,813 6,557 44% 2,501 17% 753 5% 149 1% 9,960 67% Iowa 3,262 1,497 46% 201 6% 151 5% 45 1% 1,894 58% Kansas 5,050 922 18% 703 14% 1,082 21% 113 2% 2,820 56% Ky. 8,758 3,332 38% 817 9% 1,362 16% 38 0% 5,549 63% La. 3,860 780 20% 306 8% 697 18% 121 3% 1,904 49% Maine 1,665 711 43% 44 3% 82 5% 22 1% 859 52% Md. 4,997 829 17% 526 11% 268 5% 161 3% 1,784 36% Mass. 19,747 3,610 18% 1,144 6% 2,075 11% 303 2% 7,132 36% Mich. 51,615 22,046 43% 16,491 32% 1,393 3% 322 1% 40,252 78% Minn. 17,539 3,774 22% 1,291 7% 1,381 8% 570 3% 7,016 40% Miss. 1,776 496 28% 578 33% 30 2% 30 2% 1,134 64% Mo. 7,931 1,718 22% 1,312 17% 290 4% 194 2% 3,514 44% Mont. 551 247 45% 78 14% 36 7% 10 2% 371 67% Neb. 3,141 525 17% 198 6% 1,002 32% 38 1% 1,763 56% CRS-12 Merchandise Exports to Four Key Countries, in $ millions Canada Mexico Japan China Total, four countries % of % of % of % of WORLD all all all % of all STATE Exports Expts. Ex- Expts. Ex- Expts. Ex- Expts. all Ex- Expts. Ex- ($mil) ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports Nev. 1,754 543 31% 110 6% 115 7% 7 0% 775 44% N. H. 2,475 789 32% 101 4% 118 5% 32 1% 1,040 42% N.Jsy. 28,778 4,421 15% 2,148 7% 2,461 9% 885 3% 9,915 34% N.Mex. 645 138 21% 190 29% 46 7% 17 3% 391 61% N. York 53,007 10,419 20% 3,282 6% 5,538 10% 923 2% 20,162 38% N.Car. 14,975 4,590 31% 2,129 14% 580 4% 205 1% 7,504 50% N. Dak. 711 332 47% 15 2% 15 2% 4 1% 366 51% Ohio 29,125 12,623 43% 5,755 20% 1,365 5% 417 1% 20,160 69% Okla. 3,257 776 24% 491 15% 78 2% 56 2% 1,401 43% Ore. 9,434 1,697 18% 563 6% 1,731 18% 224 2% 4,215 45% Penn. 23,968 7,141 30% 2,810 12% 1,280 5% 387 2% 11,618 48% R.I. 1,169 373 32% 93 8% 62 5% 22 2% 550 47% S.Carol. 7,818 2,230 29% 1,964 25% 400 5% 61 1% 4,655 60% S.Dak. 497 307 62% 65 13% 21 4% 5 1% 398 80% Tenn. 11,414 3,330 29% 1,676 15% 631 6% 158 1% 5,795 51% Tex. 68,746 10,461 15% 24,623 36% 2,938 4% 1,124 2% 39,146 57% Utah 2,713 586 22% 114 4% 331 12% 43 2% 1,074 40% Vt. 2,660 2,202 83% 25 1% 36 1% 14 1% 2,277 86% Va. 10,547 2,069 20% 845 8% 1,816 17% 114 1% 4,844 46% Wash. 33,355 2,527 8% 590 2% 4,735 14% 1,885 6% 9,737 29% W.Va. 1,472 503 34% 251 17% 94 6% 28 2% 876 60% Wis. 10,858 3,863 36% 1,058 10% 647 6% 202 2% 5,770 53% Wyo. 142 91 64% 10 7% 2 1% 0 0% 103 73% P.R. 7,724 1,087 14% 267 3% 507 7% 34 0% 1,895 25% V.I. 212 7 3% 7 3% 0 0% 11 5% 25 12% Unalloc 52,183 18,790 36% 7,874 15% 1,982 4% 861 2% 29,507 57% TOT'L 780,418 183,487 24% 111,722 14% 65,256 8% 16,253 2% 376,719 48% Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter location series, Census Bureau. Unallocated: unidentified by state. CRS-13 Table 6. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Other Countries for which Trade Agreements Exist or Are Being Negotiated State Exports to Four Countries (In $Millions) Exports to STATE WORLD Chile Israel Jordan Singapore U.S. TOTAL 780,419 3,445 7,750 313 17,816 Alabama 5,624 10 21 2 26 Alaska 985 a a a 3 Arizona 9,997 23 91 1 420 Arkansas 2,068 4 5 a 11 California 129,939 365 1,278 30 5,302 Colorado 12,265 26 54 a 482 Connecticut 13,180 64 206 7 280 Delaware 5,888 31 27 2 156 D. of Columbia 4,728 7 4 58 26 Florida 24,213 505 270 9 180 Georgia 11,772 60 78 2 207 Hawaii 369 7 1 a 10 Idaho 2,797 2 44 a 364 Illinois 32,249 313 277 11 714 Indiana 14,813 26 67 3 146 Iowa 3,262 13 15 1 38 Kansas 5,050 13 14 a 46 Kentucky 8,758 19 27 10 41 Louisiana 3,860 10 25 2 44 Maine 1,665 2 49 a 36 Maryland 4,997 17 35 1 52 Massachusetts 19,747 45 268 2 627 Michigan 51,615 108 128 4 223 Minnesota 17,538 67 143 19 595 Mississippi 1,776 8 4 a 13 Missouri 7,931 22 89 2 751 Montana 551 1 2 0 19 Nebraska 3,141 2 30 3 29 Nevada 1,754 8 41 a 21 New Hampshire 2,475 4 35 a 57 New Jersey 28,778 148 867 10 792 New Mexico 645 1 47 1 3 New York 53,007 150 1,946 24 895 CRS-14 State Exports to Four Countries (In $Millions) Exports to STATE WORLD Chile Israel Jordan Singapore North Carolina 14,975 103 63 8 188 North Dakota 711 a 1 a 1 Ohio 29,125 78 108 10 362 Oklahoma 3,257 33 6 1 66 Oregon 9,434 37 59 1 294 Pennsylvania 23,968 96 158 26 503 Rhode Island 1,169 2 7 a 43 South Carolina 7,818 24 19 1 49 South Dakota 497 a 2 a 9 Tennessee 11,414 49 36 6 188 Texas 68,746 340 259 8 1,738 Utah 2,713 13 8 1 56 Vermont 2,660 1 3 1 13 Virginia 10,547 30 147 8 170 Washington 33,355 179 131 5 576 West Virginia 1,472 2 4 a 14 Wisconsin 10,858 134 64 4 121 Wyoming 142 a a 0 1 Puerto Rico 7,724 8 43 a 58 Virgin Islands 212 a a 0 a Unallocated 52,183 245 446 29 754 US TOTAL 780,417 3,455 7,750 313 17,816 Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau. a: value less than $1million. Unallocated: unidentified by state. CRS-15 Table 7. State Merchandise Exports to the World, by Major World Region, 2000 State Merchandise Exports to Five Regions (In $Millions) Latin America excluding Asia Africa (Sub- Total for five NAFTA 1 Europ. Union 2 Mexico 3 (ASEAN) 4 Saharan) 5 regions Total % of % of % of % of % of Exports all all Ex- all Ex- all Ex- % of all to World Exports ex- Exports ex- ports ex- ports ex- ports all ex- Exports ex- ST. ($mil) ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports Al. 5,624 2,337 42% 1,742 31% 519 9% 106 2% 39 0.7% 4,743 84% Ak. 985 291 30% 211 21% 4 0% 4 0% 1 0.1% 511 52% Az. 9,997 3,663 37% 1,786 18% 462 5% 1,596 16% 48 0.5% 7,555 76% Ark. 2,068 1,138 55% 376 18% 98 5% 53 3% 7 0.3% 1,672 81% Cal. 129,939 29,566 23% 28,492 22% 4,697 4% 13,977 11% 568 0.4% 77,300 59% Col. 12,265 2,483 20% 3,733 30% 453 4% 1,215 10% 23 0.2% 7,907 64% Cn. 13,180 3,120 24% 3,968 30% 1,034 8% 693 5% 113 0.9% 8,928 68% Del. 5,888 1,401 24% 2,013 34% 599 10% 345 6% 50 0.8% 4,408 75% DC 4,728 159 3% 1,449 31% 148 3% 135 3% 86 1.8% 1,977 42% Fla. 24,213 4,448 18% 3,389 14% 11,368 47% 664 3% 141 0.6% 20,010 83% Ga. 11,772 4,898 42% 2,412 20% 1,371 12% 482 4% 97 0.8% 9,260 79% Hi. 369 29 8% 24 7% 8 2% 16 4% 1 0.3% 78 21% Id. 2,797 529 19% 776 28% 31 1% 561 20% 8 0.3% 1,905 68% Ill. 32,249 11,907 37% 7,894 24% 2,714 8% 1,512 5% 346 1.1% 24,373 76% Ind. 14,813 9,059 61% 2,494 17% 1,051 7% 290 2% 57 0.4% 12,951 87% Ia. 3,262 1,698 52% 727 22% 168 5% 100 3% 20 0.6% 2,713 83% Ks. 5,050 1,625 32% 731 14% 488 10% 168 3% 88 1.7% 3,100 61% Ky. 8,758 4,148 47% 1,142 13% 840 10% 245 3% 33 0.4% 6,408 73% La. 3,860 1,086 28% 516 13% 380 10% 307 8% 86 2.2% 2,375 62% Me. 1,665 755 45% 289 17% 75 5% 197 12% 5 0.3% 1,321 79% Md. 4,997 1,355 27% 1,529 31% 267 5% 179 4% 95 1.9% 3,425 69% Ma. 19,747 4,753 24% 7,048 36% 687 3% 1,410 7% 107 0.5% 14,005 71% Mi.. 51,615 38,537 75% 5,448 11% 1,806 3% 793 2% 145 0.3% 46,729 91% Mn. 17,539 5,064 29% 4,836 28% 773 4% 1,731 10% 133 0.8% 12,537 71% Ms. 1,776 1,074 60% 268 15% 182 10% 27 2% 6 0.3% 1,557 88% Mo. 7,931 3,029 38% 1,378 17% 890 11% 1,035 13% 78 1.0% 6,410 81% Mt. 551 324 59% 97 18% 4 1% 23 4% 1 0.2% 449 81% Neb. 3,141 722 23% 419 13% 135 4% 171 5% 13 0.4% 1,460 46% Nv. 1,754 653 37% 274 16% 55 3% 45 3% 34 1.9% 1,061 60% NH 2,475 890 36% 777 31% 168 7% 125 5% 7 0.3% 1,967 79% CRS-16 State Merchandise Exports to Five Regions (In $Millions) Latin America excluding Asia Africa (Sub- Total for five NAFTA 1 Europ. Union 2 Mexico 3 (ASEAN) 4 Saharan) 5 regions Total % of % of % of % of % of Exports all all Ex- all Ex- all Ex- % of all to World Exports ex- Exports ex- ports ex- ports ex- ports all ex- Exports ex- ST. ($mil) ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports ($mil) ports NJ 28,778 6,569 23% 8,716 30% 2,341 8% 1,753 6% 310 1.1% 19,689 68% NM 645 328 51% 114 18% 28 4% 21 3% 2 0.3% 493 76% NY 53,007 13,701 26% 14,155 27% 3,270 6% 2,025 4% 432 0.8% 33,583 63% NC 14,975 6,719 45% 2,986 20% 2,200 15% 457 3% 100 0.7% 12,462 83% ND 711 348 49% 288 41% 13 2% 8 1% 1 0.1% 658 93% Oh. 29,125 18,378 63% 4,089 14% 1,050 4% 804 3% 125 0.4% 24,446 84% Ok. 3,257 1,267 39% 731 22% 504 15% 133 4% 36 1.1% 2,671 82% Ore 9,434 2,259 24% 1,559 17% 428 5% 918 10% 59 0.6% 5,223 55% Pa. 23,968 9,951 42% 5,324 22% 1,708 7% 1,221 5% 178 0.7% 18,382 77% R.I. 1,169 466 40% 309 26% 62 5% 83 7% 15 1.3% 935 80% SC 7,818 4,195 54% 1,812 23% 528 7% 215 3% 25 0.3% 6,775 87% SD 497 372 75% 48 10% 9 2% 21 4% 1 0.2% 451 91% Tn. 11,414 5,006 44% 2,704 24% 883 8% 482 4% 100 0.9% 9,175 80% Tx. 68,746 35,084 51% 7,233 11% 6,081 9% 6,165 9% 793 1.2% 55,356 81% Ut. 2,713 700 26% 788 29% 146 5% 223 8% 15 0.6% 1,872 69% Vt. 2,660 2,227 84% 182 7% 31 1% 26 1% 9 0.3% 2,475 93% Va. 10,547 2,914 28% 2,302 22% 598 6% 413 4% 104 1.0% 6,331 60% Wa. 33,355 3,117 9% 11,905 36% 940 3% 1,589 5% 556 1.7% 18,107 54% WV 1,472 754 51% 352 24% 73 5% 38 3% 9 0.6% 1,226 83% Wis. 10,858 4,921 45% 2,546 23% 748 7% 303 3% 71 0.7% 8,589 79% Wy. 142 101 71% 18 13% 7 5% 2 1% 0 0.1% 128 90% PR 7,724 1,354 18% 3,888 50% 1,052 14% 124 2% 26 0.3% 6,444 83% VI 212 14 7% 42 20% 128 60% 0 0% 2 0.9% 186 88% Un. 52,183 26,664 51% 6,493 12% 4,391 8% 2,144 4% 521 1.0% 40,213 77% U.S. 780,418 288,150 37% 164,822 21% 58,694 8% 47,373 6% 5,926 0.8% 564,965 72% See footnotes after table 9. CRS-17 Table 8. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Three Latin-America Sub-Regions State Merchandise Exports to Three Latin-America Sub-Regions (in $millions) Total Exports to STATE WORLD Caribbean Central America South America Alabama 5,624 96 249 174 Alaska 985 a 2 2 Arizona 9,997 13 27 422 Arkansas 2,068 36 21 41 California 129,939 474 848 3,375 Colorado 12,265 18 10 425 Connecticut 13,180 225 241 568 Delaware 5,888 12 28 559 Dist. of Col. 4,728 15 30 103 Florida 24,213 3,240 2,050 6,077 Georgia 11,772 313 339 720 Hawaii 369 1 a 7 Idaho 2,797 6 5 20 Illinois 32,249 324 311 2,079 Indiana 14,813 35 69 947 Iowa 3,262 13 16 139 Kansas 5,050 96 72 320 Kentucky 8,758 129 498 213 Louisiana 3,860 156 51 173 Maine 1,665 24 2 49 Maryland 4,997 32 26 209 Massachusetts 19,747 91 59 537 Michigan 51,615 81 103 1,622 Minnesota 17,538 143 147 483 Mississippi 1,776 63 67 52 Missouri 7,931 223 94 573 Montana 551 1 a 3 Nebraska 3,141 21 49 65 Nevada 1,754 7 5 43 NewHampshire 2,475 51 4 113 New Jersey 28,778 327 370 1,643 New Mexico 645 6 2 20 New York 53,007 608 500 2,162 CRS-18 State Merchandise Exports to Three Latin-America Sub-Regions (in $millions) Total Exports to STATE WORLD Caribbean Central America South America North Carolina 14,975 443 1,049 708 North Dakota 711 1 2 10 Ohio 29,125 126 137 787 Oklahoma 3,257 21 67 416 Oregon 9,434 14 24 390 Pennsylvania 23,968 237 311 1,160 Rhode Island 1,169 8 17 37 South Carolina 7,818 83 210 235 South Dakota 497 2 2 5 Tennessee 11,414 162 206 515 Texas 68,746 878 934 4,269 Utah 2,713 19 19 108 Vermont 2,660 5 12 14 Virginia 10,547 52 80 466 Washington 33,355 345 206 389 West Virginia 1,472 3 2 68 Wisconsin 10,858 74 95 579 Wyoming 142 a 1 7 Puerto Rico 7,724 716 142 194 Virgin Islands 212 84 9 35 Unallocated 52,183 1,174 861 2,356 US TOTAL 780,417 11,329 10,678 36,686 See table footnotes on next page. CRS-19 Footnotes to tables 8 and 9: 1 NAFTA partners are Canada and Mexico. 2 The European Union consists of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. 3 Latin America consists of the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. Caribbean Countries: Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, Aruba, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turks and Caicos Islands. Central American Countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. South American Countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. 4 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) consists of Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. 5 Sub-Saharan Africa consists of Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Kinshasa), Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, South Africa, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau. a: value less than $1 million. na: data not available or not applicable. Un. or Unallocated: unidentified by state. CRS-20 Table 9. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region by $ Value, 2000 Value in Value in State $Millions State $Millions Northeast 1 Massachusetts 19,747 South Central 2 Connecticut 13,180 1 Texas 68,746 3 Vermont 2,660 2 Tennessee 11,414 4 New Hampshire 2,475 3 Kentucky 8,758 5 Maine 1,665 4 Alabama 5,624 6 Rhode Island 1,169 5 Louisiana 3,860 Sub-Total 40,896 6 Oklahoma 3,257 7 Arkansas 2,068 Mid-Atlantic 8 Mississippi 1,776 1 New York 53,007 Sub-Total 105,503 2 New Jersey 28,778 3 Pennsylvania 23,968 Mountain Sub-Total 105,753 1 Colorado 12,265 2 Arizona 9,997 South Atlantic 3 Idaho 2,797 1 Florida 24,213 4 Utah 2,713 2 North Carolina 14,975 5 Nevada 1,754 3 Georgia 11,772 6 New Mexico 645 4 Virginia 10,547 7 Montana 551 5 South Carolina 7,818 9 Wyoming 142 6 Delaware 5,888 Sub-Total 30,864 7 Maryland 4,997 8 Dist. of Col. 4,728 Pacific 9 West Virginia 1,472 1 California 129,939 Sub-Total 86,410 2 Washington 33,355 3 Oregon 9,434 North Central 4 Alaska 985 1 Michigan 51,615 5 Hawaii 369 2 Illinois 32,249 Sub-Total 174,082 3 Ohio 29,125 4 Minnesota 17,538 US TOTAL 720,298 5 Indiana 14,813 6 Wisconsin 10,858 7 Missouri 7,931 8 Kansas 5,050 9 Iowa 3,262 10 Nebraska 3,141 11 North Dakota 711 12 South Dakota 497 Sub-Total 176,790 Source of data: For census regions: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; for data: Office of Trade and Economic Analysis International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. Note: This table omits data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and Unallocated data included in table 1. CRS-21 Table 10. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000 $ Export $ Export Change Change Region/State (in Millions) Region/State (in Millions) South Central New England 1 Texas 33,124 1 Massachusetts 8,153 2 Kentucky 5,433 2 Connecticut 2,979 3 Tennessee 5,263 3 New Hampshire 1,340 4 Alabama 3,120 4 Maine 600 5 Mississippi 972 5 Vermont 384 6 Arkansas 958 6 Rhode Island 231 7 Oklahoma 922 Sub-Total 13,687 8 Louisiana 639 Sub-Total 50,431 Mid-Atlantic 1 New Jersey 14,238 Mountain 2 New York 12,305 1 Colorado 6,050 3 Pennsylvania 10,778 2 Arizona 4,212 Sub-Total 37,321 3 Idaho 1,561 4 Nevada 1,250 South Atlantic 5 Utah 668 1 Florida 9,517 6 Montana 307 2 North Carolina 6,998 7 New Mexico 245 3 Georgia 5,722 8 Wyoming 53 4 South Carolina 4,598 Sub-Total 14,346 5 Delaware 2,433 6 Virginia 2,429 Pacific 7 Maryland 2,283 1 California 61,872 8 West Virginia 718 2 Washington 5,957 9 Dist. of Col. 26 3 Oregon 3,229 Sub-Total 34,724 4 Alaska 167 5 Hawaii 152 North Central Sub-Total 71,377 1 Michigan 26,293 2 Illinois 11,902 U.S. TOTAL 299,030 3 Ohio 11,473 4 Minnesota 7,564 5 Indiana 6,367 6 Wisconsin 5,048 7 Missouri 3,197 8 Kansas 1,941 9 Nebraska 1,400 10 Iowa 1,307 11 North Dakota 368 12 South Dakota 284 Sub-Total 77,144 Source of data: For census regions: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; for data: Office of Trade and Economic Analysis International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. Note: This table omits data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and Unallocated data included in table 2. CRS-22 Table 11. Levels of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the United States, for All Industries and for Manufacturing, and total FDI as a % of total Gross State Product (GSP), by Region and State, 1999 All Industries Manufacturing FDI and GSP FDI in FDI in FDI for all State/Regional manufac- manufactur- industries FDI as % of turing ing as % of 1999 GSP Total FDI State/Region $ (mil.)* Total FDI $ (mil.) total FDI $ (mil.) as % of GSP New England Massachusetts 17,781 2% 6,835 38% 262,564 7% Connecticut 11,381 1% 5,566 49% 151,779 7% Maine 4,386 0% 2,736 62% 34,064 13% New Hampshire 2,976 0% 1,801 61% 754,590 0% Rhode Island 2,502 0% 1,201 48% 32,546 8% Vermont 1,253 0% 758 60% 17,164 7% Sub-Total 40,279 4% 18,897 47% 1,252,707 3% Mid-Atlantic New York 63,105 6% 12,749 20% 51,026 124% New Jersey 35,378 3% 16,704 47% 44,229 80% Pennsylvania 34,060 3% 18,160 53% 382,980 9% Sub-Total 132,543 12% 47,613 36% 478,235 28% South Atlantic Florida 36,632 3% 9,739 27% 442,895 8% North Carolina 28,658 3% 17,695 62% 258,592 11% Georgia 27,548 3% 14,473 53% 275,719 10% Virginia 21,601 2% 10,004 46% 242,221 9% South Carolina 21,494 2% 15,498 72% 106,917 20% Kentucky 20,785 2% 9,527 46% 113,539 18% Maryland 11,436 1% 4,050 35% 174,710 7% West Virginia 7,317 1% 3,959 54% 40,685 18% Delaware 5,280 0% 3,348 63% 34,669 15% Dist. of Col. 3,807 0% 348 9% 55,832 7% Sub-Total 184,558 17% 88,641 48% 1,745,779 11% North Central Illinois 45,300 4% 24,630 54% 445,666 10% Michigan 41,981 4% 31,966 76% 308,310 14% Ohio 38,759 4% 27,470 71% 361,981 11% Indiana 29,372 3% 24,692 84% 182,202 16% Missouri 15,217 1% 8,802 58% 170,470 9% Minnesota 11,396 1% 3,799 33% 172,982 7% Wisconsin 11,013 1% 7,641 69% 166,481 7% Iowa 7,447 1% 5,160 69% 85,243 9% Kansas 7,069 1% 2,825 40% 80,843 9% Nebraska 2,660 0% 1,317 50% 53,744 5% North Dakota 1,799 0% 568 32% 16,991 11% South Dakota 932 0% 361 39% 21,631 4% Sub-Total 212,945 16% 139,231 68% 2,066,544 8% CRS-23 All Industries Manufacturing FDI and GSP FDI in FDI in FDI for all State/Regional manufac- manufactur- industries FDI as % of turing ing as % of 1999 GSP Total FDI State/Region $ (mil.)* Total FDI $ (mil.) total FDI $ (mil.) as % of GSP South Central Texas 96,550 9% 61,343 64% 687,272 14% Louisiana 31,934 3% 21,507 67% 128,959 25% Tennessee 19,638 2% 12,193 62% 170,085 12% Alabama 16,775 2% 11,798 70% 115,071 15% Oklahoma 6,825 1% 3,574 52% 86,382 8% Mississippi 5,172 0% 1,957 38% 64,286 8% Arkansas 4,437 0% 3,526 79% 64,773 7% Sub-Total 181,331 17% 115,898 64% 1,316,828 14% Mountain Arizona 11,076 1% 4,003 36% 143,683 8% Colorado 10,746 1% 3,641 34% 153,728 7% Nevada 9,917 1% 1,137 11% 69,864 14% Utah 9,332 1% 1,722 18% 62,641 15% New Mexico 5,474 1% 2,535 46% 331,544 2% Wyoming 5,392 1% 3,911 73% 17,448 31% Montana 2,484 0% 1,237 50% 20,636 12% Idaho 2,247 0% 997 44% 34,025 7% Sub-Total 56,668 5% 19,183 34% 833,569 7% Pacific California 115,630 11% 37,621 33% 1,229,098 9% Alaska 28,226 3% a 0% 26,353 107% Washington 18,030 2% 7,414 41% 209,258 9% Hawaii 11,363 1% 299 3% 40,914 28% Oregon 9,612 1% 3,841 40% 109,694 9% Sub-Total 182,861 17% 49,175 27% 1,615,317 11% U.S. TOTAL 991,185 100% 478,638 48% 9,308,979 11% * Foreign Direct Investment includes gross property, plant, and equipment of affiliates. Department of Commerce data is provided for the following categories of U.S. affiliates of U.S. companies: all industries, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, information, finance (except depository institutions) and insurance, real estate and rental and leasing, professional, scientific and technical services, and other industries. Source of data: Operations of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies, Preliminary 1999 Estimates. U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of Economic Analysis. a: value less than $1 mil. na: not available or not applicable. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-RL31323