For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-RL31242 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ £ ¢ Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress ¢ States have primary responsibility for administering child welfare funds. However, the federal government provides substantial child welfare funding that is contingent on states meeting certain program requirements. The greatest part of federal assistance dedicated to child welfare is included in Title IV-B and Title IV-E of the Social Security Act. Programs authorized under these parts of the law provide funds for a range of child welfare services, from family support and preservation to foster care, adoption support and independent living. State compliance with the plan requirements of Title IV-E and Title IV-B is determined primarily via the Child and Family Services Review, (which is authorized by Section 1123A of the Social Security Act). Separately, under the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA), states receive funds to improve their child protective service systems; to develop and support community-based programs that support and strengthen families to prevent child abuse and neglect; and to improve the handling, investigation, and prosecution of child maltreatment cases. The 109th Congress saw the enactment of six bills that amended federal child welfare policies in Title IV-B or Title IV-E of the Social Security Act. S. 1894 (P.L. 109-113) and S. 1932 (P.L. 109- 171) changed program eligibility rules for the federal Title IV-E foster care and adoption assistance programs. Each of the remaining bills added to or otherwise amended the Title IV-B or Title IV-E state plan requirements. Under the Title IV-B programs, states are now required (or will be on a specified effective date) to (1) develop standards for the frequency and content of caseworker visits to children in foster care; (2) limit total funds spent for administrative purposes to no more than 10% of the program spending; (3) describe how they consult with medical professionals to assess the health and well-being of foster children and determine their appropriate treatment; (4) have procedures in place to respond to a disaster and to maintain child welfare services at such a time; and (5) to report on the actual use of federal funds received under Title IV-B (S. 3525, P.L. 109-288). Changes made to the Title IV-E Foster Care and Adoption Assistance programs require all states to (1) establish procedures for the "orderly and timely interstate placement of children," including compliance with specific time frames for conducting home studies requested prior to an interstate placement and for making a decision about the placement (H.R. 5403, P.L. 109-239); (2) comply with expanded federal procedures to check the criminal records of prospective foster or adoptive parents (as well as primarily civil child abuse and neglect registries) before approving placement of any foster child in a home (H.R. 4472, P.L. 109-248); and (3) have procedures for verifying the citizenship or immigration status of all children in foster care (H.R. 6111, P.L. 109-432). This report summarizes changes made in the 109th Congress and then categorizes and describes state program requirements (and related definitions) linked to dedicated federal child welfare funds. As a whole, these program requirements constitute federal child welfare policy, and are the fundamental basis on which state conformity with federal law is based. This report will be updated as significant program requirement changes are enacted. Federal Child Welfare Funding ................................................................................................. 1 State Plan Requirements............................................................................................................ 1 Changes Enacted by the 109th Congress ............................................................................. 1 How the Tables in this Report Are Organized........................................................................... 5 Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act Programs.............................................................. 7 Basic State Grants ............................................................................................................... 7 Children's Justice Act Grants............................................................................................ 10 Community-Based Grants for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect.......................11 Social Security Act Programs.................................................................................................. 15 Child Welfare Services...................................................................................................... 15 Promoting Safe and Stable Families ................................................................................. 17 Foster Care and Adoption Assistance................................................................................ 19 Chafee Foster Care Independence Program and Education and Training Vouchers ......... 22 Important Definitions........................................................................................................ 24 Table 1. Basic State Grants under the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Table 2. Children's Justice Act Grants under the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA).............................................................................................................................. 10 Table 3. Community-Based Grants for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect, under CAPTA ....................................................................................................................................... 12 Table 4. Child Welfare Services, Title IV-B, Subpart 1 of the Social Security Act....................... 15 Table 5. Promoting Safe and Stable Families, Title IV-B, Subpart 2 of the Social Security Act .............................................................................................................................................. 17 Table 6. Foster Care and Adoption Assistance, Title IV-E of the Social Security Act .................. 19 Table 7. The Chafee Foster Care Independence Program (CFCIP) and Education and Training Vouchers, under Title IV-E of the Social Security Act................................................. 22 Table 8. Important Definitions in the Social Security Act............................................................. 24 Author Contact Information .......................................................................................................... 28 C hild welfare programs are intended to prevent child abuse and neglect, and to protect and improve the lives of children who have experienced maltreatment. As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states exercise the greatest responsibility for administering these services. At the same time, the federal government plays a significant role in shaping these services by providing funding for services and by linking those federal funds to certain requirements. For FY2007, Congress provided more than $7.6 billion in funding dedicated to child welfare purposes and the bulk of this federal child welfare funding (98% or $6.5 billion of the funds made available for FY2007) was provided for state child welfare agencies. These funds are distributed based on the amount of eligible foster care or adoption assistance claims submitted by states (under Title IV-E of the Social Security Act), or via statutory formula for child welfare-related activities, including screening and investigation of child abuse and neglect reports; family support, preservation, and reunification services; adoption promotion and support services; and independent living services and other support for current and former foster care youths. (A portion of the funds are also made available to the highest court in each state to fund improvements in the handling of child welfare-related court proceedings.) Child welfare funds distributed to all states are administered by the Children's Bureau, within the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).1 In addition to providing non-federal matching funds, states must meet a set of program requirements in order to receive these federal child welfare dollars. Viewed together, these statutory program requirements comprise federal child welfare policy, and are the fundamental basis on which state compliance with federal child welfare requirements rests. State compliance with the majority of these requirements is checked as part of the Child and Family Services Review (CFSR), which was designed by HHS to meet the conformity review requirements mandated by Congress in 1994 (P.L. 103-432, as enacted at Section 1123A of the Social Security Act).2 ¢ The 109th Congress enacted six bills that amended federal child welfare policies included in Title IV-B or Title IV-E of the Social Security Act.3 Most of these included changes to state plan 1 For more information on funding, see CRS Report RL34121, Child Welfare: Recent and Proposed Federal Funding, by Emilie Stoltzfus. 2 For more information see, CRS Report RL32968, Child Welfare: State Performance on Child and Family Services Reviews, by Emilie Stoltzfus. 3 A seventh bill, the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 (H.R. 3402, P.L. 109-162) included funding reauthorization for the Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) program, and added a new authorization of technical assistance funds related to the Children's Advocacy program. For more information see CRS Report RL32976, Child Welfare: Programs Authorized by the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990. The same law also authorized certain funding related to serving children and youth exposed to violence, including some funds for training grants intended to improve the collaborative community response of child welfare, other social agency, law enforcement or court personnel to families where both child maltreatment and domestic violence is present. For more (continued...) requirements. The amendments made by these bills are briefly discussed below. (The bills are listed in order of their enactment.) As enacted, this bill (S. 1894, P.L. 109-113) permits states to claim Title IV-E foster care support on behalf of otherwise eligible foster children whose foster care maintenance payments are provided to foster parents or institutional foster care providers via a for-profit foster care placement agency. Prior law stipulated that if a state sought to claim federal Title IV-E support on behalf of a foster child, the child's maintenance payments could only be made by a public or non- profit agency. This omnibus budget reconciliation measure (S. 1932, P.L. 109-171) includes changes intended to clarify which children are eligible for federal foster care and adoption assistance support. It also places certain limitations on the ability of states to make claims for federal reimbursement of the costs of administering the foster care program (including limits on the length of time a child may be considered a "candidate" for foster care and new rules or restrictions on administrative claims related to foster children placed in unlicensed relative homes or other settings that are "ineligible" under Title IV-E). Separately, the legislation raised the mandatory funding authorization for the Promoting Safe and Stable Families program (Title IV-B, Subpart 2 of the Social Security Act), and authorized two new grants intended to improve court handling of child welfare proceedings and appropriated $100 million ($20 million in each of FY2006-FY2010) for those grants.4 ¢ This bill (H.R. 5403, P.L. 109-239) amended Title IV-B and Title IV-E to encourage the expedited placement of foster children into safe and permanent homes across state lines. The law establishes a federal 60-day deadline for completing an interstate home study (necessary to determine the suitability and safety of the home) and a 14-day deadline for a state that requests this interstate home study to act on the information in the study. (For any home study begun before October 1, 2008, states may have up to 75 days to complete the study if they can document certain circumstances beyond their control that prevented a study's completion in 60 days.) The new law also authorizes $10 million in each of FY2007-FY2010, for incentive payments (valued at $1,500 each) to states for every interstate home study that is completed in 30 days. (As of August 2007, no funds have yet been appropriated for these payments.) Further, the law prohibits states from restricting the ability of a state agency to contract with a private agency to conduct interstate home studies, and for children who will not be reunited with their parents, it encourages (or in some cases requires) identification and consideration of both in- (...continued) information see, CRS Report RL33469, Children Exposed to Domestic Violence: Federal Assistance Programs, by Edith Fairman Cooper. 4 For more information, see CRS Report RL33155, Child Welfare: Foster Care and Adoption Assistance Provisions in Budget Reconciliation, by Emilie Stoltzfus, and CRS Report RL33350, Child Welfare: The Court Improvement Program, by Emilie Stoltzfus. state and out-of-state placement options as part of currently required case review and planning activities for children in foster care. Separately, the bill requires courts (as a condition of receiving certain funding intended to improve their handling of child welfare proceedings) to notify any foster parent, pre-adoptive parent, or relative caregiver of a foster child of any proceedings to be held regarding the child, and emphasizes the right of these individuals to be heard at permanency planning proceedings. Finally, it would require that youth leaving foster care custody because they have reached the age of majority must be given a free copy of their health and education record.5 ¢ This omnibus bill (H.R. 4472, P.L. 109-248) establishes additional federal requirements related to criminal background checks of prospective foster and adoptive parents and also requires states to check child abuse and neglect registries for information about prospective foster or adoptive parents.6 The criminal records checks must include a check of national crime databases (i.e., an FBI check), and must be done before the placement of any foster child can be finally approved with prospective foster or adoptive parents. Under prior law, the kind of criminal record check (for example, state vs. FBI vs. local) was not specified, and the federal requirement for these checks extended only to children for whom a state intended to make federal Title IV-E foster care or adoption assistance claims. As was true with prior law, if a criminal record check reveals certain felony convictions of a prospective foster or adoptive parent, a state may not claim Title IV-E foster care or adoption assistance for a foster child placed in his or her home. However, this does not prohibit the state from placing a foster child in this same home if the state does not make Title IV-E claims on the child's behalf.7 For most states, these criminal record check requirements became effective with the first day of FY2007. However, prior law allowed states to "opt out" of the federal criminal records check procedures, and P.L. 109-248 permits those "opt out states" to have until the first day of FY2009 to come into compliance with the new requirements. As of July 2006, HHS reported that there were eight opt-out states: Idaho, Oklahoma, Oregon, California, New York, Massachusetts, Ohio, and Arizona.8 Many child abuse and neglect cases are not the subject of criminal court proceedings, and information on these cases does not appear in a criminal records check. As of the first day of 5 For more information, see U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Administration for Children and Families (ACF), "New Legislation: The Safe and Timely Interstate Placement of Foster Children Act of 2006," August 11, 2006. Available online at http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/cb/laws_policies/policy/im/im0603.pdf. 6 For more information, see U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Administration for Children and Families (ACF), "New Legislation: The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006," September 1, 2006. Available online at http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/cb/laws_policies/policy/im/im0604.pdf. 7 Section 471(a)20(A) effectively prohibits a state from receiving federal Title IV-E foster care or adoption assistance support on behalf of an otherwise eligible child who, after the enactment of the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 (P.L. 105-89), is placed in the home of a foster or adoptive parent where a record check shows that the prospective foster or adoptive parent was at any time, convicted of felony child abuse or neglect, spousal abuse, a crime involving children (including child pornography), or a crime involving violence (including rape, sexual assault or homicide, but not including other physical assault or battery); or if the record check shows a felony conviction for physical assault, battery or a drug-related offense that was committed in the last five years. 8 States may also have limited additional time to meet the new requirements if HHS determines that state legislation is needed to permit the state to comply with the new federal rules. FY2007, P.L. 109-248 requires all states to check any child abuse and neglect registry they maintain for information about a prospective foster or adoptive parent (and any adult living in their household). The check must be made before approving placement of a foster child in the home (and without regard to whether the state plans to claim Title IV-E support for the child). States must also request (and all states must comply with) information from any other state's child abuse and neglect registry where the prospective foster or adoptive parent, or other adult, has lived in the past five years. There are no federal stipulations about how states must use the information from these registries. Finally, P.L. 109-248 requires HHS, in consultation with the Justice Department, to create a national registry of substantiated cases of child abuse or neglect. Information in this national registry is to be accessible only to public entities (or agencies of those public entities) that needs the information "to carry out its responsibilities under law to protect children from child abuse and neglect." Separately, the law requires HHS to "conduct a study on the feasibility of establishing data collection standards for a national child abuse and neglect registry" and to make recommendations and findings on the costs and benefits of such data collection standards; data collection standards currently employed by states, tribes or other political subdivisions; and data collection standards that should be considered to establish a model of promising practices.9 The law authorized $500,000 in appropriations to carry out the study. (As of August 2007, no funds have been specifically appropriated for this purpose.) A report of this study is to be submitted to Congress by the end of July 2007.10 ¢ This bill (S. 3525, P.L. 109-288) extends, through FY2011, annual funding authorization of $545 million for the Promoting Safe and Stable Families Program (Title IV-B, Subpart 2). For each of FY2006-FY2011 it provides that no less than $40 million of those funds are to be used for two purposes: to support monthly caseworker visits and to improve outcomes for children affected by methamphetamine or other substance abuse. Further the new law requires states to report on their actual use of funds under Title IV-B of the Social Security Act, increases the funding set-aside from the Safe and Stable Families program for tribal child and family services, and allows access to these funds for more tribes. Separately, the bill amended the Child Welfare Services program (Title IV-B, Subpart 1 of the Social Security Act) to re-organize and update its provisions and to limit funding authorization for the program to FY2007-FY2011. Beginning with FY2008 the law limits the use of program funds for administrative purposes and also provides new restriction on the amount of these program funds that states may use for foster care maintenance payments, adoption assistance payments, or child care. Among several new state plan requirements for this program, P.L. 109-288 requires states to establish standards for the content and frequency of caseworker visits of children in 9 Nearly all states have a child abuse and neglect registry but the information included, and access to this information varies. For more information see, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Child Welfare Information Gateway, "Establishment and Maintenance of Central Registries for Child Abuse Reports," (current through August 2005). Available online at http://www.childwelfare.gov/systemwide/laws_policies/statutes/centregall.pdf . 10 The report is to be submitted to the Judiciary committees in both the House and Senate and to the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee and the House Education and Workforce Committee. Section 633(g) of P.L. 109-248, requires the report to be submitted to the specified committees by the "Department of Homeland Security" (DHS). However, as the same section of the law requires HHS to make the study and related recommendations, this reference to DHS appears to be a drafting error. foster care (providing that within a specified time frame 90% of children in foster care must be visited at least monthly and that most of these visits must occur in the place where the child lives). Additionally states are required to have procedures to respond to and maintain child welfare services in the wake of a disaster and must also describe in their state plan how they consult with medical professionals to assess the health of and provide medical treatment to children in foster care. P.L. 109-288 also extended the authorization for five years (FY2007-FY2011) of the Mentoring Children of Prisoners program and includes authority for a project to demonstrate the effectiveness of vouchers as a method of delivering these services. Further it extends for the same five years grants to eligible state highest courts to assess and improve their handling of child welfare proceedings (under the Court Improvement Program).11 ¡ This omnibus (H.R. 6111, P.L. 109-432) makes several changes related to new provisions enacted in the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-171) and which are related to foster care and Medicaid. Section 6036 of P.L. 109-171 generally prohibited a state from receiving federal Medicaid reimbursement for individuals who do not provide satisfactory documentary evidence of citizenship or nationality. Section 405(c) of P.L. 109-432 specifically exempts foster children (both Title IV-E eligible and those who are not eligible) from the Medicaid documentation requirement. This change is made effective as if it was included in the Deficit Reduction Act (P.L. 109-171) which was enacted in February 2006. P.L. 109-432 also amended Title IV-E to require states to have in effect procedures for verifying the citizenship or immigration status of each child in foster care (whether or not the state claims Title IV-E support for the child).12 Finally, P.L. 109-432 also amended Section 1123A of the Social Security Act to specifically require that state compliance with this new federal requirement be checked as part of periodic conformity reviews (e.g. the Child and Family Services Review). These changes are to be effective as of June 20, 2007 (6 months after the enactment of P.L. 109- 432). £ State plan requirements generally apply to the state, or the state administering/supervising agency, and usually are contained in the statute as a list of items that must be included in the state's program plan. The plan requirements vary a great deal in their scope and kind and are difficult to categorize consistently. In this report they are grouped within a specific program (or section of the law) and by a rough kind/subject division. This division is somewhat arbitrary and not a part of federal statute. However, it is used in this report as a way to group basic concerns of federal child welfare policy and to better understand what is required of states. The kind/subject divisions used are: 11 For more information about the changes made by P.L. 109-288 see CRS Report RL33354, The Promoting Safe and Stable Families Program: Reauthorization in the 109th Congress, by Emilie Stoltzfus. 12 The law does not specify what states must do with this information. Current law prohibits states from claiming Title IV-E support for certain non-citizen children. The are no prohibitions on states serving non-citizen children with state dollars. For more information see Section 7.1 and Section 8.4B of the Child Welfare Policy Manual . Available online at http://www.acf.hhs.gov/j2ee/programs/cb/laws_policies/laws/cwpm/index.jsp. · Planning Services: Administration, Organization and Coordination-- requirements that direct how the state must administer, coordinate, or organize the program (e.g., what state agency must administer the program, and with what other programs it must be coordinated). · Data Collection and Reporting--requirements specifying the nature of data to be collected and/or reported to the federal government, and those related to cooperation with program evaluations or audits. · Ensuring Safe and Appropriate Placement Options--requirements designed to ensure diversity of prospective foster and adoptive parents, prohibit discrimination in placements, allow for cross-jurisdictional placements and otherwise serve to ensure safe and appropriate placements for children. · Child Protections, Services, and Programs to Be Provided--requirements that specify treatment of each child, and services and programs to be provided. This report lists state eligibility requirements for federally funded child welfare programs within these kind/subject divisions. Three of these programs are authorized under the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA): Basic State Grants, Community-Based Grants for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect, and Children's Justice Act Grants. The remaining programs are a part of the Social Security Act: Child Welfare Services, the Promoting Safe and Stable Families Program, Foster Care and Adoption Assistance, the John Chafee Foster Care Independence Program, and Education and Training Vouchers (for youth who age out of or are expected to age out of foster care). Some of the state plan elements are simply given in the statute as requirements for the state to meet (e.g., describe services to be offered); others ask that the state assure or provide the Governor's certification that it is meeting a certain requirement (e.g., federal funds are not used to supplant existing non-federal funds for services with purpose similar to the federal program). This report does not distinguish between these different forms of requirement. Federal funds for child welfare programs under the Social Security Act and for CAPTA's Basic State Grants and Community-Based Grants for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect are administered by the Children's Bureau within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The Children's Bureau at HHS also awards CAPTA's Children Justice Act grants but does so in consultation with the Department of Justice. Tables 1, 2, and 3 list elements required of states seeking Basic State Grants, Children's Justice Act Grants, or Community-Based Grants for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect under CAPTA. Tables 4, 5, 6, and 7 contain state plan requirements for child welfare programs authorized under the Social Security Act. Finally, Table 8 contains definitions critical to understanding state plan requirements for child welfare programs under the Social Security Act. For instance, a state is required to have a "case plan" for each child and to operate a "case review system." These and other related terms are given detailed definition in the law. Terms appearing in boldface in Tables 4, 5, 6 and 7 are defined by the statute and the term, and its definition, are included in Table 8. The information included in this report is intended as an accessible reference guide to state requirements, rather than a legal interpretation of those requirements. 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No matching funds are required. FY2007 funding: $27 CAPTA provides grants to states for improvements to public child protective services. Funding is Table 1 lists state plan requirements to receive CAPTA's Basic State Grants. Section 106 of s'dlihc eht dna dlihc eht fo sthgir eht tcetorp ot( sdrocer lla fo ytilaitnedifnoc sevreserp · f ;tnafni na hcus rof erac efas fo nalp a fo tnempoleved eht rof sedivorp taht dna secivres evitcetorp dlihc yfiton ot erusopxe gurd latanerp morf gnitluser smotpmys lawardhtiw ro esuba ecnatsbus lagelli yb detceffa sa deifitnedi )dna nrob( si ohw tnafni na fo erac ro yreviled eht ni devlovni sredivorp erac htlaeh seriuqer · ;tnemnorivne efas a ni )ner(dlihc fo tnemecalp rof dna )tcelgen ro esuba fo regnad ni eb yam ohw erac emas ni dlihc rehto yna dna( )ner(dlihc detaertlam a fo ytefas eht erusne ot nekat eb ot spets etaidemmi rof serudecorp )4( dna ;etairporppa fi ,secivres evitneverp yratnulov rof noitazinagro ytinummoc a ot derrefer eb ot mrah tnenimmi fo ksir ta ton dnuof si ohw dlihc a rof serudecorp egairt )3( ;stroper dedivorp hcus fo noitagitsevni tpmorp dna tnemssessa ytefas dna ksir ,gnineercs etaidemmi eb ot smargorp )2( ;tnemtaertlam dlihc fo secnatsni detcepsus dna nwonk fo gnitroper )1( rof sedivorp · dna secivres ,snoitcetorp taht margorp ediwetats ro wal etats a niatniaM-- dlihC e.smetsys secivres evitcetorp dlihc evorpmi ot ,sdnuf laredef rehto htiw noitanibmoc ni ro enola ,desu erew ATPAC rednu dedivorp sdnuf woh gnibircsed troper launna na timbuS-- ;desu gnieb era dedivorp sdnuf woh ot segnahc tnacifingis yna dna segnahc evitnatsbus yna fo yraterces SHH eht ot eciton edivorP-- .slenap weiver nezitic fo seitivitca fo yrammus eht gniniatnoc troper launna eht SHH ot edivorp raey hcaE-- .metsys ecitsuj elinevuj etats eht fo ydotsuc eht otni derrefsnart era ohw metsys noitcetorp dlihc etats eht fo erac eht rednu nerdlihc · ;evitatneserper eht dna dlihc eht neewteb stcatnoc truoc fo rebmun egareva eht dna evitatneserper detnioppa-truoc a dah ohw nerdlihc · ;)tnemtaertlam siht morf eid ohw esoht gnidulcni( troper tnemtaertlam dlihc fo tcejbus era )sraey 5 nihtiw( taht secivres noitavreserp ylimaf gniviecer ro seilimaf htiw detinuer nerdlihc · ;detagitsevni stroper fo rebmun eht ot evitaler stroper tnemtaertlam dlihc fo noitagitsevni dna tnemssessa ,ekatni rof elbisnopser srekrow secivres evitcetorp dlihc · ;delif stroper fo gnineercs dna ekatni rof elbisnopser srekrow secivres evitcetorp dlihc · ;erac retsof ni erew taht esoht ,shtaed eseht fo ,dna ,tnemtaertlam dlihc ot eud etats eht ni shtaed · ;secivres evitneverp deviecer taht seilimaf · ;)noitisopsid esac yb( seilimaf rieht morf devomer erew ohw esoht dna ,)margorp etats detaler a ro( ATPAC rednu secivres eviecer ton did dna did ohw troper eslaf ro detaitnatsbusnu ,detaitnatsbus a fo tcejbus eht erew ohw nerdlihc · ;eslaf dnuof ro detaitnatsbusnu ,detaitnatsbus era taht stroper tnemtaertlam dlihc · ;detaertlam sa detroper nerdlihc · fo rebmun eht )3( dna ;degella si tnemtaertlam erehw seilimaf ot secivres edivorp ot )2( ;tnemtaertlam dlihc detroper fo esac hcae fo noitagitsevni laitini nigeb )1( ot koot ti emit eht swohs taht raey eht gnitroper dna rof atad etats gnidulcni troper launna na ,)SHH ot( edivorp ,elbisaef tnetxe mumixam oT-- noitcelloc ataD .srekrowesac fo noisivrepus dna noitneter ,gniniart eht gnivorpmi rof sedivorp · ;)seilimaf dna nerdlihc fo ytefas dna sthgir eht tcetorp ot redro ni( seitud lagel rieht gnidrager srekrow secivres evitcetorp dlihc fo gniniart eht rof sedivorp · ;reh ro mih tsniaga edam snoitagella tnemtaertlam dlihc tnemeriuqeR a )601 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR tnarG etatS cisaB ATPAC nalP fo dniK ".mrah suoires fo ksir tnenimmi na stneserp hcihw tca ot eruliaf ro tca na ro ,noitatiolpxe ro esuba lauxes ,mrah lanoitome ro lacisyhp suoires ,htaed ni stluser hcihw ,rekaterac ro tnerap a fo trap eht no tca ot eruliaf ro tca tnecer yna ,muminim a ta" sa )tnemtaertlam dlihc dellac semitemos( "tcelgen dna esuba dlihc" senifed ATPAC fo 111 noitceS .c .)9002-5002 sYF rof( 4002 ,03 enuJ setats morf eud saw nalp raey -5 tnecer tsom ehT .)tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo E-VI eltiT rednu( srehcuoV gniniarT dna noitacudE dna margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC eht dna ,)tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo B-VI eltiT rednu( smargorp seilimaF elbatS efaS gnitomorP dna secivreS erafleW dlihC ,)ATPAC rednu( margorp siht era nalp siht ni dedulcni eb ot deriuqer smargorp yltnerruC .deniatniam eb tsum sdnuf fo gnitnuocca etarapes dna deniater era stnemeriuqer margorp laudividni ,revewoh ,secivres rieht etargetni setats pleh ot si nalp eht fo esoprup yramirp ehT .stroper ssergorp launna timbus osla tsum setats ;smargorp eraflew dlihc fo rebmun a morf noitamrofni dna secnarussa gnitaroprocni nalP secivreS ylimaF dna dlihC raey-5 a timbus ot setats deriuqer sah SHH ,s0991-dim eht ecniS .b .tcA tnemtaerT dna noitneverP esubA dlihC eht ot refer elbat siht ni seltit ro snoitces ot secnerefeR .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS .)snoitidnoc gninetaerht-efil htiw stnafni delbasid morf tnemtaert lacidem fo gnidlohhtiw tneverp ot ydemer lagel yrassecen yna eusrup ot ytirohtua dna tcelgen lacidem detcepsus fo sesac fo slaudividni eseht yb noitacifiton tpmorp ;seitilicaf erac htlaeh etairporppa nihtiw slaudividni detangised htiw dna yb noitatlusnoc dna noitanidrooc gnidulcni( tcelgen lacidem fo stroper ot dnopser ot ecalp ni era serudecorp erussA-- .dlohesuoh eht ni gnidiser sevitaler-non dna sevitaler tluda rehto dna stnerap evitpoda dna retsof evitcepsorp rof skcehc dnuorgkcab lanimirc seriuqer ,6002 ,52 enuJ naht retal on · ;tcA noitacudE seitilibasiD htiw slaudividnI eht fo C trap rednu dednuf secivres noitnevretni ylrae rof 3 fo ega eht rednu mitciv tnemtaertlam dlihc yna fo larrefer rof sedivorp · .)wal etats yb denimreted sa( tnafni denodnaba na fo esac eht ni sthgir latnerap fo noitanimret etidepxe ot serudecorp sedivorp · ;)sthgir latnerap etanimret ot rehtehw fo snoitanimreted esac-yb-esac ekam ot eunitnoc nac etats hguohtla( sthgir latnerap fo noitanimret rof sdnuorg setutitsnoc siht ,seinolef detsil eht fo eno fo detcivnoc si tnerap fi taht serussa · g;tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona ro dlihc eht ot yrujni ylidob suoires ni stluser taht tluassa ynolef a dettimmoc sah ro ;rethgualsnam ro redrum a hcus timmoc ot deticilos ro deripsnoc ,detpmetta ,detteba ,dedia sah ;tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona fo rethgualsnam yratnulov ro redrum dettimmoc sah ohw tnerap a htiw dlihc a fo noitacifinuer eriuqer ton seod etats eht taht erussa ot serudecorp sedivorp · ;dlihc eht fo stseretni tseb eht gninrecnoc snoitadnemmocer ekam dna dlihc eht tneserper lliw ohw ) dna ksat eht ot gniniart etairporppa deviecer sah ohw( ,etacovda laiceps detnioppa-truoc ro/dna metil da naidraug a stnioppa ,sgnideecorp laiciduj gnivlovni tnemtaertlam dlihc fo esac hcae ni · ;)naicisyhp a yb deifitrec sa( noitidnoc lacitirc ro suoires ni dlihc eht ecalp ro htaed ni tluser taht tnemtaertlam dlihc fo sesac tuoba noitamrofni fo erusolcsid cilbup swolla · ;tnemtaertlam morf nerdlihc tcetorp ot ytilibisnopser lagel sti tuo yrrac ot noitamrofni eht sdeen taht )stnega rieht ro( tnega tnemnrevog lacol ro ,etats ,laredef yna ot noitamrofni laitnedifnoc fo erusolcsid seriuqer · ;esoprup etats etamitigel rehtona tuo yrrac ot ro ,tnemtaertlam morf nerdlihc tcetorp ot ytud rieht tuo yrrac ot noitamrofni eht deen ,troper eht fo tcejbus eht era ohw )etutats eht ni deificeps( seititne ro slaudividni ot sdrocer dna stroper esoht ot ssecca gnitimil yb )snaidraug ro stnerap tnemeriuqeR a )601 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR tnarG etatS cisaB ATPAC nalP fo dniK by P.L. 109-162). distributed to tribes for related purposes. See Section 1402(d)(2) and 1402(g) of the Victims of Crime Act (as amended tribes for some of these same purposes, and (as amended by P.L. 109-162) an additional 5% ($1 million) may also be 14 Of this funding amount, the Victims of Crime Act further stipulates that 15% ($3 million) must be made available to more than $20 million. (See Section 1404A of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984, as amended.) Grants is based on the level of funds collected by the Crime Victims' Fund but may not be less than $10 million or fines and fees charged to individuals convicted of federal crimes. The amount set-aside for Children's Justice Act The Crime Victims' Fund does not receive money out of general revenues but instead is supported by collection of 13 ,noitatiolpxe dna esuba lauxes dlihc htiw gnilaed esoht ylralucitrap--sesac tnemtaertlam dlihc fo gnildnah laiciduj lanimirc dna livic dna ,evitartsinimda ,evitagitsevni etats etaulave dna weiver ylevisneherpmoc tsum )evoba debircsed( ecrof ksat etats eht sraey 3 yrevE-- .stnerap dna ,seitilibasid htiw nerdlihc htiw gnikrow ni decneirepxe slaudividni ,slanoisseforp htlaeh latnem dna htlaeh ,)setacovda laiceps detnioppa truoc ,elbacilppa erehw dna ,syenrotta gnidulcni( setacovda dlihc ,)srotucesorp dna srednefed gnidulcni dna sesac tnemtaertlam dlihc livic dna lanimirc ni devlovni( syenrotta dna segduj ,sa llew sa ,spuorg noitanidrooc stnerap dna seicnega ecivres evitcetorp dlihc ,tnemecrofne wal fo sevitatneserper sedulcni dna taht tnemtaertlam dlihc fo seussi dna metsys ecitsuj lanimirc eht ot gnitaler ecneirepxe snoitazinagro htiw slanoisseforp fo desopmoc ecitsuj s'nerdlihc no ecrof ksat yranilpicsid-itlum a evaH-- ,noitartsinimda :secivres ).1 elbaT eeS( .stnarG etatS cisaB s'ATPAC eviecer ot stnemeriuqer teeM-- gninnalP a )701 noitceS ,ATPAC( stnemeriuqeR tnemeriuqeR tnarG tcA ecitsuJ s'nerdlihC nalP fo dniK )ATPAC( tcA tnemtaerT dna noitneverP esubA dlihC eht rednu stnarG tcA ecitsuJ s'nerdlihC .2 elbaT $20 million.14 problems who are victims of child maltreatment. No matching funds required. FY2007 funding: improve handling of those cases involving children with disabilities or serious health-related cases of suspected child maltreatment related deaths, and, finally, (as added by P.L. 108-36) to particularly those involving child sexual abuse and exploitation--and to improve the handling of tribes) improve the handling, investigation and prosecution of child abuse and neglect cases-- available via a set-aside from the Crime Victims' Fund.13 Grants are made to help states (and these grants is included in Section 107 of CAPTA, however funding for the grants is made Table 2 lists requirements related to Children's Justice Act Grants. The program authority for ".ytlucaf latnem ro nagro ,rebmem ylidob a fo noitcnuf eht fo tnemriapmi ro ssol detcartorp ro ,tnemerugifsid suoivbo dna detcartorp ,niap lacisyhp emertxe ,htaed fo ksir laitnatsbus sevlovni hcihw yrujni ylidob" sa "yrujni ylidob suoires" senifed ATPAC fo 111 noitceS .g ".noitca lagelli yna rof noitucesorp eriuqer ro ;esuba dlihc setutitsnoc tahw fo wal laredeF rednu noitinifed a hsilbatse ot deurtsnoc eb ton llahs" noitacifiton siht taht sedivorp rehtruf etutats ehT .f .801 noitceS ni dedulcni si tnemeriuqer sihT .e .)seitud sti llifluf ot ecnatsissa ffats tseuqer yam lenap weiver ehT( .metsys noitcetorp dlihc etats eht ot stnemevorpmi rof snoitadnemmocer gniniatnoc dna seitivitca lenap gnizirammus troper a etats eht dna cilbup eht ot elbaliava ekam dna eraperp yllaunna ot dna ;secivres evitcetorp dlihc lacol dna etats gnissessa fo trap sa tnemmoc cilbup rof wolla ;)wal etats yb dezirohtua sselnu noitamrofni rehto dna( laitnedifnoc noitamrofni cificeps-esac peek ;noitamrofni yrassecen ot ssecca detnarg eb ;shtnom 3 yreve ecno tsael ta teem ;)tnemtaert dna noitneverp esuba dlihc ni ecneirepxe evah mohw fo emos( ytinummoc eht fo evitatneserper yldaorb era ohw sreetnulov fo desopmoc eb :tsum lenap hcaE .d by the lead entity. FY2007 funding: $42 million. determined, in part, by the amount of non-federal funds obtained (leveraged) for these purposes under this program with non-federal dollars. The size of a state's program allotment is authorized on a discretionary basis and a state must match at least 20% of the federal allotment or may not be a public agency) by making grants to community-based programs. Funding is child abuse and neglect. States must designate a lead entity to administer this money (which may understanding and knowledge of diverse populations to be effective in preventing and treating coordinated resources and activities that strengthen and support families; and (2) to foster an efforts aimed at the prevention of child abuse and neglect, including support of networks of Child Abuse and Neglect. Title II of CAPTA authorizes grants (1) to support community-based Table 3 shows requirements related to CAPTA's Community-Based Grants for the Prevention of ¢ .tcA tnemtaerT dna noitneverP esubA dlihC eht ot refer elbat siht ni seltit ro snoitces ot secnerefeR .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab )SRC( ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS dedivorp eb ot smargorp dna secivres ,snoitcetorp ).1 elbaT eeS( .stnarG etatS cisaB s'ATPAC eviecer ot stnemeriuqer teeM-- dlihC .etats eht tuohguorht tneps saw margorp siht rednu deviecer ecnatsissa yaw eht no troper a yraterces SHH eht ot timbus yllaunnA-- .tnarg eht ot gnitaler sdrocer ot ssecca edivorp dna niatniam dna eriuqer ylbanosaer yam yraterces SHH sa stroper ekaM-- .yraterces SHH eht yb yrassecen deredisnoc secnarussa dna noitamrofni gnivig stnarg rof ylppa yllaunnA-- gnitroper dna ).1 elbaT eeS( .stnarG etatS cisaB s'ATPAC eviecer ot stnemeriuqer teeM-- noitcelloc ataD ).evitanretla elbarapmoc ro snoitadnemmocer ecrof ksat gnitpoda drawot ssergorp laitnatsbus gnikam si ro sesoprup emas eht eveihca ot nalp evitanretla na detpoda sah etats eht esuaceb yraterces SHH eht yb noitpmexe na detnarg sselnu( ecrof ksat etats eht fo snoitadnemmocer tpodA-- .snosrep detceffa lla ot ssenriaf erusne dna esuba morf nerdlihc tcetorp ot serudecorp dna slocotorp ,snoitaluger ,secnanidro ,swal etats fo mrofer tseggus dna ;sesac tnemtaertlam dlihc fo noituloser lufsseccus dna riaf ,tpmorp etomorp ot sehcaorppa wen tset ot smargorp noitartsnomed dna ledom ,latnemirepxe tseggus ;sesac tnemtaertlam dlihc fo gnildnah s'etats eht fo stcepsa lla ni desucca eht ot ssenriaf larudecorp erusne ot dna ,ylimaf s'mitciv dna mitciv dlihc eht ot amuart lanoitidda ecuder ot dednetni snoitadnemmocer ekam tsum ecrof ksat etats eht )evoba debircsed( weiver eht no desaB-- .)etatsretni ro ,labirt-etats ,etats-laredef ,.g.e( noitcidsiruj eno naht erom gnivlovni yllaitnetop esoht dna seitilataf detaler tnemtaertlam dlihc detcepsus a )701 noitceS ,ATPAC( stnemeriuqeR tnemeriuqeR tnarG tcA ecitsuJ s'nerdlihC nalP fo dniK dnuf dna tceles ro ,poleved ot esu lliw ytitne dael eht taht airetirc eht fo noitpircsed a · ;stnerap fo tnemevlovni lufgninaem eht erusne ot yticapac eht sah etats eht taht ecnarussa · ;seitivitca dna smargorp eseht fo ngiseder dna ,noisnapxe ,ecnanetniam ,pu-trats eht rof detangised sdnuf laredef-non rehto ,tnalppus ton ,tnemelppus lliw deviecer sdnuf laredef taht ecnarussa · ;tcelgen dna esuba dlihc tneverp ot seilimaf troppus dna nehtgnerts ot dengised seitivitca dna margorp desucof noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc eseht fo noisnapxe dna ,noitarepo ,tnempoleved eht troppus ot srallod laredef eht fo %02 tsael ta ot lauqe tnuoma na srallod laredef-non ni dneps lliw etats eht taht gniyfirev tegdub a · ;sdeen temnu fo noitpircsed a dna ,etats eht ni gnitarepo secruoser ylimaf rehto dna ,tcelgen dna esuba dlihc tneverp ot seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc tnerruc fo yrotnevni eht fo noitpircsed a · ;seilimaf dna nerdlihc rof secivres evitneverp ,citsiloh ,deretnec-ylimaf fo muunitnoc a otni detargetni eb lliw secivres troppus dna ecruoser ylimaf woh dna etarepo lliw seitivitca dna smargorp dednuf eht woh fo noitpircsed a · ;ytitne dael detangised eht fo noitpircsed a · sedulcni taht tnarg siht rof noitacilppa na SHH ot timbuS-- ;ecnatsissa lacinhcet dna gniniart dna )citammargorp dna laicnanif( troppus lanoitarepo edivorp ot yticapac eht sah · ;seilimaf dna nerdlihc rof secivres evisneherpmoc ,deretnec-ylimaf ,evitneverp fo muunitnoc a poleved ot stiforp-non etavirp dna seicnega cilbup desab-ytinummoc dna etats htiw krow ot ytiliba detartsnomed a sah · ;thgisrevo dna ,noitarepo ,tnempoleved rieht ni noitapicitrap tnerap ot tnemtimmoc detartsnomed a sah · ytitne dael eht ,detroppus era taht smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc eht ot drager htiw ,taht erussA-- .seitivitca esoht ot tnemtimmoc laicnanif a etartsnomed lliw dna etats eht fo seitivitca noitneverp tnemtaertlam dlihc eht htiw dna ,seitilibasid htiw stnerap ,seitilibasid htiw nerdlihc htiw seilimaf htiw pihsrentrap ni gnikrow ni decneirepxe snoitazinagro dna slaudividni htiw stroffe sti etargetni lliw ytitne dael eht taht erussA-- .snoitcnuf noitaulave dna gnitroper dna ,ecnatsissa lacinhcet dna gniniart ,seitivitca gninnalp dna tnemssessa dezilartnec ,secruos etavirp dna etats ,laredef stnemeriuqeR morf gnidnuf denibmoc ro degarevel fo noisivorp eht ,ytilibatnuocca dna noitacinummoc margorP lacoL fo senil raelc ,sevitcejbo dna slaog deifitnedi hguorht thgisrevo dna noitcerid · 602 noitceS ;)srotces noitacilppA tiforpnon etavirp dna cilbup eht morf sredivorp ecivres dna ,seitilibasid htiw stnerap 502 noitceS ,stnerap ,rotces cilbup dna etavirp eht fo srebmem gnidulcni( noitatneserper decnalab ;ytilibigilE sah taht erutcurts etavirp-cilbup dna evitaroballoc ,yranilpicsidretni na hguorht noitcerid · 202 noitceS ;)etairporppa erehw noitanidrooc skrowten hguorht( tcelgen dna esuba dlihc tneverp ot seilimaf troppus dna nehtgnerts dna ot dengised seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc · ,noitazinagro gnidivorp rof elbisnopser si ro sedivorp ytitne dael eht taht erussA-- ,noitartsinimda :secivreS c .sdnuf retsinimda ot ytitne dael tiforpnon etavirp ro cilbup a etangiseD-- gninnalP b)II eltiT ,ATPAC ( tcelgeN dna esubA dlihC a tnemeriuqeR fo noitneverP eht rof stnarG desaB-ytinummoC nalP fo dniK ATPAC rednu ,tcelgeN dna esubA dlihC fo noitneverP eht rof stnarG desaB-ytinummoC . 3 elbaT ;secivres detroppus eht desu evah ohw seilimaf gnoma noitcafsitas fo level hgih a etartsnomed · ;tcelgen dna esuba dlihc tneverp ot seilimaf troppus dna nehtgnerts taht seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc fo noitaulave dna noitarepo ,ngised eht ni dna ,smargorp troppus dna ecruoser ylimaf fo krowten ediwetats eht fo noitaulave dna ,noitarepo ,ngised eht ni spuorg esrevid gnitneserper seilimaf fo tnemevlovni eht ebircsed · ;)seitilibasid htiw stnerap dna seitilibasid htiw nerdlihc htiw seilimaf gnidulcni( devres seilimaf fo rebmun eht ebircsed · ;secivres tnerruc fo noitpircsed dna yrotnevni deriuqer eht yb deifitnedi sdeen temnu desserdda evah lliw yeht taht etartsnomed · ;)secivres "lanoitpo" dna "eroc" denifed ylirotutats eht gnidulcni( sdeen ytinummoc deifitnedi teem taht smargorp serusaeM lacol yb seilimaf ot dedivorp secivres eht fo noitpircsed dna yrotnevni na ylppus · ecnamrofreP ;eltit siht 702 noitceS fo stnemeriuqer eht teem taht seitivitca dna smargorp ,desucof-noitneverp dna desab noitacilppA -ytinummoc a fo noisnapxe dna ,noitarepo ,tnempoleved evitceffe eht etartsnomed · )21(502 noitceS tsum taht yraterces SHH eht ot gnitroper dna stroper ekam dna ,detseuqer noitamrofni gnidulcni dna emit eht ta SHH ot stroper ylppuS-- noitcelloc ataD .etairporppa erehw skrowten fo noisnapxe dna noitarepo ,tnempoleved eht ni tcelgen dna esuba dlihc tneverp ot dna seilimaf troppus dna nehtgnerts ot dengised seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc rehto htiw etapicitrap · ;secivres margorp troppus dna ecruoser ylimaf dedeen fo noisivorp eht troppus ot secruoser etavirp dna cilbup lacol gnizilibom ni pihsredael edivorp · ;secivres dna smargorp eht fo thgisrevo dna ,noitaulave ,noitarepo ,tnempoleved eht ni stnerap fo tnemevlovni lufgninaem eht rof selor pihsredael poleved · ;)nerdlihc gnuoy htiw stnerap dna stnerap gnuoy ot yllaicepse( seilimaf dna nerdlihc ot secivres deretnec-ylimaf ,evitneverp fo muunitnoc a ,spihsrentrap etavirp-cilbup hguorht ,edivorp ot ygetarts a poleved · sevitatneserper rotces etavirp dna snoitazinagro tiforpnon lacol ,seicnega cilbup lacol dna stnerap sevlovni taht ssecorp gninnalp a hguorht sdeen dna stessa ytinummoc ssessa · ot deriuqer era margorp siht rednu yenom tnarg eviecer taht smargorp lacoL .nerdlihc gnuoy htiw stnerap ro stnerap gnuoy gnivres esoht dna seitinummoc emocni wol gnivres smargorp desab-ytinummoc evitceffe ot ytiroirp evig tsum ytitne dael eht ,stnarg lacol gnidrawa nI-- ;seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc fo yreviled eht evorpmi ot snoitaluger dna serudecorp ,secitcarp ,seicilop etats ni segnahc etacovda lliw ytitne dael eht woh fo noitpircsed a · ;detaulave eb lliw )etairporppa erehw( srebmem sti dna krowten eht fo esoht dna ytitne dael s'etats eht fo seitivitca eht woh fo noitpircsed a · ;meht ecnahne ro dnapxe ,etarepo ,poleved ot seitivitca dna smargorp desab -ytinummoc ot ecnatsissa lacinhcet dna gniniart ,troppus lanoitarepo rof gnidivorp nalp a · ;spuorg detneserper-rednu ro devres-rednu rehto fo srebmem dna ,ssensselemoh fo ksir ta esoht dna seilimaf sselemoh ,seitilibasid htiw stluda dna nerdlihc ,seitironim cinhte dna laicar fo noitapicitrap eht ezimixam ot ekatrednu lliw )stroppus ti seitivitca dna smargorp eht dna( ytitne dael eht taht seitivitca hcaertuo eht fo noitpircsed a · ;seitivitca dna smargorp desucof noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc b)II eltiT ,ATPAC ( tcelgeN dna esubA dlihC a tnemeriuqeR fo noitneverP eht rof stnarG desaB-ytinummoC nalP fo dniK .etats eht ot ylppa stnemeriuqer eht ,deton esiwrehto erehw tpecxE .)702 noitceS( serusaeM ecnamrofreP dna ,)602 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR margorP lacoL ,)502 noitceS( noitacilppA ,)202 noitceS( ytilibigilE :II eltiT s'ATPAC fo snoitces elpitlum rednu nevig stnemeriuqer sedulcni elbat siht ,ylgnidroccA .noitces )noitacilppa ro( nalp etats s'etutats eht ni dedulcni era stnemeriuqer eseht fo lla toN .smargorp lacol yb tem eb ot stnemeriuqer dna )ytitne dael detangised-etats eht fo seitilibisnopser ticilpxe ro tnerappa edulcni hcihw fo emos( etats a yb tem eb ot stnemeriuqer sedulcni ,ATPAC fo II eltiT rednu era hcihw , tcelgeN dna esubA dlihC fo noitneverP eht rof stnarG desaB-ytinummoC ehT .b .segnahc rehto niatrec edam dna margorp tnarg siht demaner 63-801 .L.P .)ATPAC( tcA tnemtaerT dna noitneverP esubA dlihC eht ot refer elbat siht ni seltit ro snoitces ot secnerefeR .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab )SRC( ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC eht yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS .nerdlihc fo gnineercs latnempoleved ylrae · ;)smargorp DEG dna ,gniniart ycaretil ,gnirotut sa hcus( secivres noitacude · ;slliks ssenidaer boj gnidivorp secivres · ;sdeen laiceps htiw nerdlihc ro nerdlihc delbasid htiw seilimaf fo sdeen lanoitidda eht teem ot stroppus dna secivres · ;)noitpoda rof dlihc rieht gnihsiuqniler ro dlihc a gnitpoda ni detseretni slaudividni rof( secivres noitpoda rof gnilesnuoc · ot slarrefer dna gnilesnuoc reep · ;gniniart slliks tnemeganam efil dna ycneiciffus fles · ;secivres noitnevretni dna tnempoleved doohdlihc ylrae ,erac dlihc · edulcni secivres lanoitpO .)tnemeerga ycnegaretni ro ecivres fo esahcrup ,stcartnoc yb ro yltcerid( secivres lanoitpo ot ssecca edivorp ot sdnuf esu osla tsum margorp siht rednu yenom tnarg eviecer taht smargorp lacoL-- .)elbacitcarp tnetxe eht ot( erac etipser fo smrof lla · ;gnitisiv emoh yratnulov · ;secivres pu-wollof · stnemeriuqeR margorP lacoL ;slarrefer ecivres laicos dna ytinummoc · )3()a(602 noitceS ;secivres hcaertuo · dedivorp ;secivres pihsredael dna pleh fles ,troppus lautum ,noitacude tnerap · eb ot smargorp dna ,secivres sa hcus secivres troppus dna ecruoser ,snoitcetorp ylimaf eroc edivorp ot era margorp siht rednu yenom tnarg eviecer taht smargorp lacoL-- dlihC seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc fo noitaulave dna ,noitatnemelpmi ,gninnalp gniogno eht ni stnerap fo pihsredael deunitnoc eht erusne ot nalp noitatnemelpmi na etartsnomed · ;margorp etats eht rednu detcudnoc ssecorp weiver reep a fo stluser eht ebircsed · ;tcelgen dna esuba dlihc tneverp ot seilimaf troppus dna nehtgnerts ot dengised seitivitca dna smargorp desucof-noitneverp dna desab-ytinummoc fo tnemecnahne dna noisnapxe ,noitarepo ,tnempoleved eht rof smsinahcem yreviled ecivres yranilpicsidretni dna evitavonni fo esu eht etartsnomed · sdnuf etavirp dna lacol ,etats ,laredef dnelb taht ,level ytinummoc ro etats eht ta ,smsinahcem gnidnuf evitavonni fo esu eht etartsnomed · b)II eltiT ,ATPAC ( tcelgeN dna esubA dlihC a tnemeriuqeR fo noitneverP eht rof stnarG desaB-ytinummoC nalP fo dniK d.sesoprup evitartsinimda rof tneps era margorp siht rof desu sdnuf fo %01 naht erom on taht erussa ,7002 ,1 rebotcO eht naht retal toN-- .tcA erafleW dlihC naidnI eht htiw ylpmoc ot nekat serusaem cificeps ebircsed ,etats eht ni snoitazinagro labirt htiw gnitlusnoc retfA-- .seirtnuoc rehto morf detpoda nerdlihc rof ,secivres noitpoda-tsop dna noitpoda fo noisivorp gnidulcni ,nekatrednu seitivitca ebircseD-- .nerdlihc rof secivres poleved ot seicnega yratnulov fo ecneirepxe dna seitilicaf esU-- .snalp gniniart dna tnempoleved ffats eraflew dlihc ebircseD-- .semoctuo dlihc evorpmi ot secivres tnemelpmi dna poleved dna ,secivres gnitsixe nehtgnerts dna dnapxe ot dna ,ediwetats secivres eraflew dlihc edivorp ot nekat spets ebircseD-- .sesoprup sti eveihca lliw seitivitca dna secivres esoht woh dna margorp siht rednu dnuf lliw etats eht seitivitca dna secivres eht ebircseD-- c.smargorp etats detaler rehto dna )E-VI eltiT( ecnednepedni erac retsof ,ecnatsissa noitpoda dna ecnanetniam erac retsof ,)2 trapbuS ,B-VI eltiT ,FSSP( seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP ,)A-VI eltiT ,FNAT( seilimaF ydeeN ot ecnatsissA yraropmeT ,)XX eltiT ,GBSS( tnarG kcolB secivreS laicoS eht rednu dedivorp dia dna secivres htiw nalp siht rednu nerdlihc ot dereffo secivres etanidrooC-- noitanidrooc dna b.secivres eht rof elbisnopser ycnega lacol ro etats elgnis a ekaM-- ,noitazinagro b.)4791 ,4 rebmeceD fo sa secivres laicos etats fo erutcurts no desab ,noitartsinimda snoitpecxe detimil( secivres eraflew dlihc retsinimda osla lliw )XX eltiT( tnarG kcolB secivreS :secivres laicoS etats eht sesivrepus ro sretsinimda taht ycnega ro laudividni eht taht edivorP-- gninnalP tnemeriuqeR a )224 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR secivreS erafleW dlihC nalP fo dniK ).882-901 .L.P ro 932-901 .L.P yb dednema ro d e d d a s a w scila ti n i t x e T . 8 e l b a T n i n w o h s s a , d e b i r c s e d r o d e n i f e d e r a e c a f d l o b n i r a e p p a t a h t s m r e T ( tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo 1 trapbuS ,B-VI eltiT,secivreS erafleW dlihC . 4 elbaT annually. FY2007 funding: $287 million. workforce. Funds are authorized on a discretionary basis (through FY2011) at $325 million training, professional development and support to ensure a well-qualified child welfare permanence, and well-being of children in foster care and adoptive families; and (5) to provide with their families or return to their families in a timely manner; (4) to promote safety, support at-risk families through services which allow children, where appropriate to remain safely the welfare of all children; (2) to prevent the neglect, abuse, or exploitation of children; (3) to federal share) for (as amended by P.L. 109-288) five broad purposes: (1) to protect and promote B, Subpart 1 of the Social Security Act. The program provides matching grants to states (75% Table 4 lists requirements related to funding of Child Welfare Services authorized under Title IV- ¢ .edam eb tsum ytitne dael eht deman eb ot gnikees spuorg lla fo esitrepxe dna yticapac fo noitaredisnoc lluf dna ytitne dael eht sa detangised eb yam eno ylno ,tsixe sdraob yrosivda dnuf tsurt eseht fo eno naht erom erehW .)secruoser ylimaf dna seitivitca noitneverp tcelgen dna esuba dlihc fo egnar daorb a rof sdnuf etavirp dna etats ,laredef egarevel ot( wal siht fo noisrev reilrae na rednu dehsilbatse saw dna ,stnapicitrap ytinummoc sedulcni ,erutcurts etavirp-cilbup ,yranilpicsidretni na yb detcerid si taht draob yrosivda dnuf tsurt a eb yam ytitne dael ehT .c .tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht ot refer elbat siht ni snoitces ro seltit ot secnerefer lla deton esiwrehto sselnU .a .shtnom 6 tsael ta rof erac retsof ni nerdlihc lla fo yrotnevni na detcudnoc evah ot )0891 enuJ fo sa( setats taht tnemeriuqer a dna ,sdradnats erac yad dlihc niatrec ot ecnerehda ,margorp siht fo noitartsinimda eht ni slanoisseforp-arap dna sreetnulov fo esu ot detaler snoisivorp deteled ehT .margorp eht ot "setadpu" sa yllareneg sebircsed 555 -901 .tpeR.H tahw fo trap sa ,driht a fo trap a dna stnemeriuqer nalp etats owt lluf ni deteled 882-901 .L.P :etoN .egaugnal yrotutats no desab )SRC( ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS .nerdlihc eht fo gnieb-llew dna ,ecnenamrep ,ytefas eht erusne ot yreviled ecivres dna gninnalp esac no sucof dna dennalp-llew era stisiv eht taht dna sisab ylhtnom a no detisiv si dlihc hcae taht erusne muminim a ta hcihw ,erac retsof ni nerdlihc ot stisiv rekrowesac fo ycneuqerf dna tnetnoc rof sdradnats etats ebircsed ,7002 ,1 rebotcO naht retal oN-- .erac retsof desivrepus-etats ni )shtnom 21 tsal gnirud saw ro( si ohw dlihc yreve fo tnemecalp eht rof slaog dna ,noitacol ,scitsiretcarahc cihpargomed ,sutats fo noitanimreted ysae swolla taht )yraterces SHH fo noitcafsitas ot( metsys noitamrofni ediwetats a etarepO-- .seilimaf rieht htiw ylefas niamer tnemecalp erac retsof fo ksir ta nerdlihc pleh ot dengised )yraterces SHH fo noitcafsitas ot( secivres evitneverp tnemecalp-erp etarepO-- .margorp noitacude laitnediser a edulcni yam hcihw ,tnemegnarra gnivil tnenamrep dennalp rehtona ni ,etairporppa t'nera snoitpo eseht fi ,ro )pihsnaidraug lagel ro( noitpoda rof decalp eb ro )etairporppa dna efas fi( seilimaf rieht dedivorp ot nruter nerdlihc pleh ot )yraterces SHH fo noitcafsitas ot( margorp ecivres a etarepO-- eb ot smargorp dna secivres .)yraterces SHH fo noitcafsitas ,snoitcetorp ot( erac retsof desivrepus-etats gniviecer dlihc hcae rof metsys weiver esac a etarepO-- dlihC .stnafni denodnaba fo tnemecalp tnenamrep tuoba snoisiced tfiws wolla taht )noitatneserper lagel rof gnidivorp serudecorp dna seicilop gnidulcni( htrib retfa noos ro ta denodnaba era ohw nerdlihc rof serudecorp laiciduj dna evitartsinimda dna seicilop tceffe ni evaH-- .semoh evitpoda ro retsof deen ohw etats eht ni nerdlihc fo ytisrevid cinhte dna laicar tcelfer taht seilimaf evitpoda dna retsof fo "tnemtiurcer tnegilid" rof edivorP-- snoitpo tnemecalp .nerdlihc gnitiaw rof stnemecalp tnenamrep erusne ro evitpoda ylemit wolla ot sreirrab lagel etanimile lliw dna )secivres fo esahcrup eht rof stcartnoc ot serudecorp hguorht gnidulcni( secruoser lanoitcidsiruj-ssorc esu lliw etats eht taht secnarussa niatnoC-- dna seiciloP .yraterces SHH eht yb deriuqer sa snoitaulave ni etapicitrap dna detseuqer noitamrofni gniniatnoc ,stroper hsinruF-- .noitulossid ro noitpursid rof snosaer dna ,dlihc eht rof snalp ,noitpoda ro tnemecalp eht deldnah ohw seicnega eht ,nerdlihc fo rebmun eht gnidulcni ,tnemecalp noitpoda eht fo noitulossid ro noitpursid fo esuaceb ydotsuc etats otni gnitroper dna retne retal ohw seirtnuoc rehto morf detpoda nerdlihc no noitamrofni troper dna tcelloC-- noitcelloc ataD .setats rehto htiw noitamrofni erahs dna secivres etanidrooc )5( dna ;sdrocer margorp laitnesse evreserp )4( ;retsasid a fo esuaceb decalpsid lennosrep eraflew dlihc laitnesse rehto dna srekrowesac htiw noitacinummoc ni niamer )3( ;sesac esoht ni secivres edivorp dna retsasid a yb detceffa ylesrevda saera ni sesac eraflew dlihc wen ot yletairporppa dnopser )2( ;retsasid a yb detceffa ylesrevda ro decalpsid era ohw dna etats eht fo noisivrepus ro erac eht rednu nerdlihc rof secivres eunitnoc dna etacol ,yfitnedi )1( dluow etats a woh edulcni dluohs airetirc esoht dna SHH yb dehsilbatse airetirc htiw ecnadrocca ni eb ot era serudecorp ehT .retsasid a ot dnopser lliw )smargorp ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC eht dna ecnatsissA noitpodA ,eraC retsoF eht dna ,margorp seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP eht ,margorp siht gnidulcni( smargorp eraflew dlihc etats woh rof serudecorp ecalp ni evah ,7002 ,92 rebmetpeS naht retal toN-- .meht rof tnemtaert lacidem etairporppa gninimreted ni dna erac retsof ni nerdlihc fo gnieb-llew dna htlaeh eht gnissessa ni )slanoisseforp lacidem rehto ro( snaicisyhp sevlovni dna htiw stlusnoc etats eht woh ebircseD-- tnemeriuqeR a )224 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR secivreS erafleW dlihC nalP fo dniK dna seicnega etavirp tiforpnon dna cilbup etairporppa htiw tlusnoc ,margorp gningised nI-- c.stsoc evitartsinimda no sdnuf margorp fo %01 naht erom on dnepS-- .margorp siht sa sesoprup emas eht etomorp taht seitivitca dna secivres gnitsixe rof sdnuf laredef-non ro laredef tnalppus ton lliw sdnuf eseht taht erussA-- .nalp eht fo noitarepo tneiciffe dna reporp wolla taht ,yrassecen sdnif yraterces SHH sa ,sdohtem evitartsinimda rof edivorP-- noitanidrooc dna b.smargorp detsissa yllaredef ro laredef rehto rednu snoitalupop emas ot dereffo stifeneb ro secivres htiw nalp siht rednu dedivorp secivres etanidrooc ,elbisaef tnetxe oT-- ,noitazinagro ,noitartsinimda .margorp siht gniretsinimda rof elbisnopser eb lliw )1 trapbuS ,B-VI :secivres eltiT( secivreS erafleW dlihC gniretsinimda rof elbisnopser ycnega etats eht taht edivorP-- gninnalP a)234 noitceS( tnemeriuqeR stnemeriuqeR seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP nalP fo dniK ) . 8 8 2 - 9 0 1 . L . P y b d e d n e m a r o d e d d a s a w scilati n i t x e T( tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo 2 trapbuS ,B-VI eltiT,seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP .5 elbaT FY2011. FY2007 funding: $434 million. basis (up to $200 million annually) and as a capped entitlement ($345 million annually) through methamphetamine (or other substances). Program funds are authorized both on a discretionary agency) to respond to child welfare issues raised by parental/caretaker abuse of grants to eligible applicants (regional partnerships, which much include the state child welfare states to support monthly caseworker visits of children in foster care and to provide discretionary six years (FY2006-FY2011) $40 million of the funds are to be reserved for formula grants to service or activities funded by the program. In addition, P.L. 109-288 stipulates that for each of welfare proceedings, and funds for research, evaluation and technical assistance related to the and family services, grants to highest state courts to assess and improve their handling of child amounts of the funds provided for this program are to be set aside each year to support tribal child family reunification, and adoption promotion and support. The statute also provides that certain (75% federal share) for four kinds of services: family preservation, family support, time-limited Promoting Safe and Stable Families Program. The program authorizes matching grants to states Table 5 lists requirements for funding under Title IV-B, Subpart 2 of the Social Security Act, the ".)trapbus siht rednu dednuf smargorp eht fo thgisrevo eht ro srekrowesac yb secivres fo noisivorp eht ot detaler esoht tpecxe( sesnepxe levart dna ,gnitidua ,gnitegdub ,gnitnuocca ,secivres retupmoc dna gnissecorp atad ,ytreporp dna ecaps fo noitarepo dna ecnanetniam ,tnemeganam ,)srekrowesac yb secivres fo noisivorp eht gnisivrepus yltcerid tneps emit ot elbatubirtta srosivrepus fo seiralas eht fo noitrop eht naht rehto( snoitcnuf lennosrep ,tnemeganam lloryap ,tnemerucorp" :sesoprup gniwollof eht rof era hcihw dna tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo 1 trapbuS rednu margorp eht gniretsinimda ot detaler era taht stsoc evitartsinimda senifed )882-901 .L.P yb dedda sa( )c(224 noitceS ,ylno margorp siht fo sesoprup roF .d .)tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo E-VI eltiT rednu( srehcuoV gniniarT dna noitacudE dna margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC eht dna ,)tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo B-VI eltiT rednu( margorP seilimaF elbatS efaS gnitomorP eht ,stnarg etats cisab s'ATPAC era nalp siht ni dedulcni eb ot deriuqer smargorp eraflew dlihc rehto ,margorp siht ot noitidda nI .deniatniam eb tsum sdnuf fo gnitnuocca etarapes dna deniater era stnemeriuqer margorp laudividni ,revewoh ,secivres rieht etargetni setats pleh ot si nalp eht fo esoprup yramirp ehT .stroper ssergorp launna timbus osla tsum setats ;smargorp eraflew dlihc fo rebmun a morf noitamrofni dna secnarussa gnitaroprocni nalP secivreS ylimaF dna dlihC raey-5 a timbus ot setats deriuqer sah SHH ,s0991-dim eht ecniS .c .sdnalsI anairaM nrehtroN eht dna sdnalsI nigriV ,ociR otreuP ,mauG rof snoisivorp tnereffid ylthgilS .b eud saw nalp raey-5 tnerruc ehT .tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo E-VI eltiT rednu( srehcuoV gniniarT dna noitacudE dna margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC eht dna )tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo B-VI eltiT rednu( secivreS erafleW dlihC ,stnarg etats cisab s'ATPAC era nalp siht ni dedulcni eb ot deriuqer smargorp eraflew dlihc ,margorp siht ot noitidda nI .deniatniam eb tsum sdnuf fo gnitnuocca etarapes dna deniater era stnemeriuqer margorp laudividni ,revewoh ,secivres rieht etargetni setats pleh ot si nalp eht fo esoprup yramirp ehT .stroper ssergorp launna timbus osla tsum setats ;smargorp eraflew dlihc fo rebmun a morf noitamrofni dna secnarussa gnitaroprocni nalP secivreS ylimaF dna dlihC raey-5 a timbus ot setats deriuqer sah SHH ,s0991-dim eht ecniS .b .tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht ot refer elbat siht ni snoitces ro seltit ot secnerefer lla deton esiwrehto sselnU .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS .margorp siht rednu secivres gnitcudnoc dna gniretsinimda ni nrecnoc tnuomarap eht si devres nerdlihc fo ytefas taht erussA-- dedivorp .%02 naht ssel on sa "tnacifingis" senifed eb ot smargorp erehwesle ycilop SHH :etoN ).troppus dna noitomorp noitpoda dna noitacifinuer detimil dna secivres -emit ,troppus ylimaf ,noitavreserp ylimaf ,.e.i( saera ecivres margorp eht fo hcae ot yenom ,snoitcetorp siht fo noitrop "tnacifingis" a etacided dna secivres no sdnuf margorp fo %09 tsael ta dnepS-- dlihC .snoitaulave ni etapicitrap dna noitamrofni detseuqer htiw stroper hsinruf ,yraterces SHH eht yb deriuqer eb yam sA-- .margorp siht sa sesoprup emas eht etomorp taht seitivitca dna secivres gnitsixe rof gnidnuf laredef-non ro laredef rehto tnalppus ot desu eb ton era sdnuf eseht taht etartsnomed hcihw stroper hsinruf ,seriuqer yraterces SHH eht sa dna nehW-- .)cilbup eht ot elbaliava edam osla dna( SHH ot tnes eb ot troper a eraperp dna slaog gniveihca drawot ssergorp fo weiver lanif a ekam nalp raey-5 a fo raey lacsif tsal eht fo dne eht tA-- .seicnega etats eht yb devres saera cihpargoeg eht dna seilimaf dna nerdlihc fo rebmun eht stroper osla taht dna )noitpo etats ta smargorp rehto dna( smargorp seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP dna secivreS erafleW dlihC eht rednu serutidnepxe lautca s'ycnega etats eht raey taht rof swohs taht )mrof rosseccus yna ro ,2 dna 1 strap ,101 SFC eht( mrof yrammus detelpmoc a SHH ot dnes ,etelpmoc era serutidnepxe lautca hcihw ni raey gnidecerp tnecer tsom eht rof ,)7002 ,03 enuJ htiw gninnigeb( raey hcae fo 03 enuJ naht retal oN-- .ycnega eraflew dlihc eht yb serutidnepxe secivres ylimaf dna dlihc dennalp ,raey lacsif gnimocpu eht rof ,swohs taht )mrof rosseccus yna ro ,2 dna 1 strap ,101 SFC eht( mrof yrammus detelpmoc a SHH ot dnes ,)7002 ,03 enuJ htiw gninnigeb( raey hcae fo 03 enuJ naht retal oN-- .cilbup eht ot elbaliava edam eb tsum troper ehT .)7002 ,03 enuJ yb dettimbus eb tsum troper 8002YF .g.e( 03 enuJ naht retal on dna snigeb raey lacsif eht erofeb SHH ot tnes eb tsum troper secivres launna ehT .elbaliava eb lliw secivres erehw saera cihpargoeg dna ,devres eb ot snoitalupop ,raey lacsif txen ni elbaliava gnitroper dna eb ot smargorp ecivres fo rebmun :eht saera ecivres ruof eht fo hcae rof ebircsed yllaunnA-- noitcelloc ataD .raey lacsif gnideeccus htfif eht fo dne eht yb dehsilpmocca eb ot dednetni slaog fo tnemetats a ,snoitazinagro desab-ytinummoc dna seicnega etavirp tiforpnon dna cilbup etairporppa htiw noitatlusnoc ni ,poleved dna ssergorp weiver ,nalp raey-5 a yb derevoc raey lacsif tsal eht fo dne tA-- .secnatsmucric degnahc tcelfer ot slaog esiver ,yrassecen fi ,dna slaog fo tes a yb derevoc sraey lacsif 4 tsrif eht fo hcae fo dne eht ta slaog gniteem drawot ssergorp fo weiver miretni tcudnoC-- .slaog gnihsilpmocca drawot ssergorp erusaem ot desu sdohtem etacidni dna raey lacsif htfif gnideeccus hcae fo dne eht yb dehsilpmocca eb ot slaog tes ot yllacidoirep slaog etadpU-- .raey lacsif htfif s'nalp fo dne yb dehsilpmocca eb ot slaog htrof teS-- .seilimaf dna nerdlihc rof smargorp ecivres gniretsinimda ni ecneirepxe htiw snoitazinagro desab-ytinummoc a )234 noitceS( tnemeriuqeR stnemeriuqeR seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP nalP fo dniK adoption assistance program. (FY2006), states claimed federal reimbursement of $4.4 billion under the foster care program and $1.8 billion under the estimate of federal cost rather than the actual cost. In the most recent year for which expenditure data are available Because funding for these programs is authorized on an open-ended basis, the appropriated amount represents an 15 .ssentpmorp elbanosaer htiw no detca ton ro deined si mialc stifeneb esohw laudividni yna rof ycnega etats erofeb gniraeh riaf a edivorP-- .)E-VI eltiT rednu ecnatsissa gniviecer si dlihc eht ton ro rehtehw( erac retsof ni dlihc yna fo sutats noitargimmi ro pihsnezitic eht yfirev ot serudecorp tceffe ni evaH-- .))D-VI eltiT( tnemecrofnE troppuS dlihC dna )A-VI eltiT( FNAT gniretsinimda seicnega etats htiw gnitarepooc sedulcni sihT( .E-VI eltiT rednu stnemyap ecnanetniam erac retsof gniviecer dlihc hcae fo flaheb no edam tnemyap troppus dlihc yna eviecer ot spets ekat ,etairporppa erehW-- ).eeyolpme yna fo noitasnepmoc ro erunet ,noitceles revo ytirohtua evah ton seod yraterces SHH ,revewoH( .margorp eht fo noitarepo reporp dna tneiciffe rof yraterces SHH yb yrassecen denimreted sa ,sisab tirem a no sdradnats lennosrep niatniam dna hsilbatsE-- .wal laredef fo noisivorp etairporppa rehto yna rednu dna ,)XX eltiT( tnarG kcolB secivreS laicoS eht ,)B-VI eltiT( seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP dna secivreS erafleW dlihC ,)A-VI eltiT( FNAT rednu dedia smargorp lacol dna etats htiw E-VI eltiT rednu dedia smargorp noitpoda dna erac retsof lacol etanidrooC-- .meht rof yrotadnam ,meht yb noitanidrooc deretsinimda fi ,dna etats eht fo snoisividbus lacitilop lla ni evitceffe nalp margorp siht ekaM-- dna ,noitazinagro .)1 trapbuS ,B-VI eltiT( secivreS erafleW dlihC gniretsinimda rof elbisnopser ,noitartsinimda ycnega emas eht si ecnatsissa noitpoda dna stnemyap ecnanetniam erac retsof :secivres )fo noitartsinimda gnisivrepus ro( gniretsinimda rof elbisnopser ycnega eht taht edivorP-- gninnalP a)174 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR tnemeriuqeR ecnatsissA noitpodA dna eraC retsoF nalP fo dniK )234-901 .L.P ro 842-901 .L.P ,932-901 .L.P yb dednema ro d e d d a s a w scila ti n i t x e T . 8 e l b a T n i n w o h s s a d e b i r c s e d r o d e n i f e d e r a e c a f d l o b n i r a e p p a t a h t s m r e T( tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo E-VI eltiT,ecnatsissA noitpodA dna eraC retsoF .6 elbaT billion is for foster care and $2.0 billion is for adoption assistance).15 collection costs for all eligible children. FY2007 appropriations: $6.5 billion (of which $4.5 maintenance payments, adoption assistance costs, and eligible administrative, training, and data entitlements; states may seek reimbursement for a specified percentage of the foster care maintenance payments and adoption assistance. These programs are authorized as open-ended Table 6 lists requirements under Title IV-E of the Social Security Act related to foster care ".gnitidua dna gnitegdub ,gnitnuocca ,secivres retupmoc dna gnissecorp atad ,ytreporp dna ecaps fo noitarepo dna ecnanetniam ,tnemeganam ,snoitcnuf lennosrep ,lloryap ,tnemerucorp :gniwollof eht ot detimil ton era tub edulcni yam" dna ycnega ro tnemtraped rehto emos ro "tnemtraped eetnarg eht ni dezilartnec" dna margorp eht rednu nalp etats eht "gniretsinimda ni devlovni troffe tcerid eht niatsus ot yrassecen" ,margorp seilimaF elbatS dna efaS gnitomorP eht ot elbacolla era taht "snoitcnuf yrailixua" sa denifed era eseht ))2()h(23.7531 .R.F.C 54( noitaluger ni ,revewoH .margorp siht rof "tsoc evitartsinimda" enifed ton seod etutats ehT .c .4002 ,2 .beF deussi ,10-40 -IP-BC-FYCA noitcurtsni margorp eht ees noitamrofni erom roF .)9002-5002 sYF rof( 4002 ,03 enuJ setats morf ta edam eb yam naidraug lagel a htiw ro noitpoda rof dlihc a ecalp ot stroffe elbanosaeR-- .nrecnoc tnuomarap fo ytefas dna htlaeh s'dlihc ekam ,ylimaf a yfinuer ro evreserp ot dedeen stroffe elbanosaer gninimreted nI-- .8 elbaT .emoh nruter ylefas ot dlihc a rof elbissop ti ekam ot ro emoh morf lavomer osla eeS .noitces , s'dlihc a rof deen tneverp ot stroffe elbanosaer ekam ,secnatsmucric deificeps ni tpecxE-- siht ni debircsed era "stroffe ).)8()a(174 noitceS eeS( .sesoprup deificeps niatrec elbanosaeR" :etoN ot nalp siht rednu detsissa slaudividni gninrecnoc noitamrofni fo erusolcsid ro esu timiL-- .dlihc hcus hcae rof ecalp ni metsys weiver esac a evah dna nalp etats eht rednu dedivorp stnemyap ecnanetniam erac retsof gniviecer dlihc hcae rof nalp esac a poleveD-- eb ot smargorp dna secivres .)ylevitcepser ,374 dna 274 snoitceS htiw ,snoitcetorp ecnadrocca ni( ecnatsissa noitpoda dna stnemyap ecnanetniam erac retsof edivorP-- dlihC .seiduts emoh hcus tcudnoc ot ycnega etavirp a htiw tcartnoc ot ycnega eraflew dlihc etats eht fo ytiliba eht no noitcirtser yna esopmi ot dettimrep ton era setatS .troper eht gniviecer fo syad 41 nihtiw tnetnoc troper eht ot dnopser tsum yduts emoh a hcus stseuqer taht etats A ).yduts eht fo noitelpmoc deyaled taht lortnoc sti dnoyeb secnatsmucric niatrec tnemucod nac ti fi yduts emoh eht etelpmoc ot syad 57 ot pu evah yam etats eht--8002 ,03 rebmetpeS naht retal on nugeb yduts yna--emit detimil a rof dna emarf emit yad 06 eht nihtiw detelpmoc eb ot deen ton seod tnerap evitpoda ro retsof evitcepsorp yb margorp gniniart deriuqer yna fo noitelpmoC( .sdeen s'dlihc eht teem dluow emoh eht ni tnemecalp hcihw ot tnetxe eht gnisserdda etats gnitseuqer eht ot troper a dnes dna yduts eht etelpmoc dna tcudnoc lliw etats eht ,emoh eht ni tnemecalp s'dlihc a fo ytilibatius dna ytefas eht ssessa ot yduts emoh a tcudnoc ot tseuqer a fo etats rehtona morf tpiecer retfa syad 06 naht retal on taht edivorp taht nerdlihc fo tnemecalp etatsretni ylemit dna ylredro eht rof serudecorp evaH-- .tnemecalp a no yltpmorp tca ton did ro deined ,tnemeriuqer siht fo noitaloiv ni ,etats eht segella ohw laudividni ot gniraeh riaf tnarg tsum dnA .tnemecalp eht gnildnah rof elbisnopser noitcidsiruj eht fo edistuo elbaliava si ylimaf devorppa na nehw tnemecalp noitpoda s'dlihc yaled ro yned ton yaM-- .sdradnats noitcetorp dlihc etats tnaveler lla steem revigerac evitaler eht fi ,dlihc a rof tnemecalp gninimreted nehw revigerac detaler-non a revo evitaler tluda na ot ecnereferp gnivig redisnoC-- .erac retsof otni ro noitpoda rof dlihc a fo tnemecalp eht yned ro yaled )2( ro ;tnerap evitpoda na emoceb ot ytinutroppo eht nosrep yna yned )1( ot sisab a sa devlovni dlihc ro tluda eht fo nigiro lanoitan ro roloc ,ecar eht esu ton yam stnemecalp erac retsof ro noitpoda ni devlovni si dna sdnuf laredef seviecer taht ycnega rehto ro etats yna taht edivorP-- .etairporppa llits era yeht erusne ot ecnatsissa noitpoda ro ecnanetniam erac retsof rof diap stnuoma weiver yllacidoireP-- .etairporppa llits era yeht erusne ot snoitutitsni erac dlihc dna semoh ylimaf erac retsof rof sdradnats weiver yllacidoireP-- .E-VI eltiT ro B-VI eltiT rednu sdnuf gniviecer noitutitsni erac dlihc ro emoh ylimaf retsof yna ot etats eht snoitpo yb deilppa eb )3( dna ;sthgir livic fo noitcetorp dna ,noitatinas ,ytefas ,seicilop noissimda ot tnemecalp detaler sdradnats edulcni )2( ;snoitazinagro lanoitan etairporppa fo sdradnats dednemmocer erusne htiw drocca ni ylbanosaer eb )1( tsum sdradnats ehT .snoitutitsni erac dlihc dna semoh ot serudecorp ylimaf retsof rof sdradnats niatniam dna hsilbatse ot )sei(ytirohtua rehto ro etats etangiseD-- dna seiciloP .E-VI eltiT dna B -VI eltiT rednu detsissa smargorp eht fo stidua tnednepedni egnarra ,sraey 3 yreve tsael tA-- .E-VI eltiT rednu tuo deirrac seitivitca fo snoitaulave cidoirep od dna rotinoM-- b.stroper eht fo ssentcerroc erussa ot stroffe htiw ylpmoc dna gnitroper dna seriuqer yraterces SHH eht taht mrof eht ni dna noitamrofni eht gniniatnoc stroper ekaM-- noitcelloc ataD a)174 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR tnemeriuqeR ecnatsissA noitpodA dna eraC retsoF nalP fo dniK -non a fo tcejbus eht si ohw dna tifeneb htlaeh siht tuohtiw noitpoda rof decalp eb ton nac ohw sdeen ecnatsissa lacidem laiceps htiw dlihc yna rof egarevoc ecnarusni htlaeh edivorP-- ).dlihc eht fo tnemecalp retfa ,yrassecen sa ,eunitnoc lliw noitaraperP( .erac retsof desivrepus-etats ni decalp si dlihc a erofeb sdeen s'dlihc teem ot slliks dna egdelwonk etairporppa htiw stnerap erac retsof evitcepsorp eht eraperp yletauqedA-- .nerdlihc fo htlaeh dna ytefas tcetorp taht secivres ytilauq eviecer seicnega etavirp ro cilbup htiw stnemecalp erac retsof ni nerdlihc erusne ot sdradnats tnemelpmi dna poleveD-- ).6002 ,1 rebotcO evitceffE( .stnemecalp evitpoda ro retsof ot detaler skcehc dnuorgkcab gnitcudnoc naht rehto esoprup a rof tnemeriuqer nalp siht rednu desolcsid noitamrofni fo esu tneverp ot dna noitamrofni yrtsiger tcelgen dna esuba dlihc fo erusolcsid dezirohtuanu tneverp ot sdraugefas ecalp ni evah dna noitamrofni yrtsiger tcelgen dna esuba dlihc ees ot stseuqer 'setats rehto htiw ylpmoC .llew sa yrtsiger tcelgen dna esuba dlihc taht kcehc ot sraey 5 tsap eht ni devil sah )tluda gnidiser-oc ro( tnerap evitpoda ro retsof evitcepsorp erehw etats rehto yna tseuqer dna )tnerap evitcepsorp a hcus fo emoh eht ni gnivil tluda yna sa llew sa( stnerap evitpoda dna retsof evitcepsorp no noitamrofni rof etats eht yb deniatniam yrtsiger tcelgen dna esuba dlihc yna kcehc ,dlihc retsof yna fo tnemecalp rof lavorppa lanif erofeB-- .)detanimile ylluf si noisivorp tuo tpo eht nehw( 8002 ,1 rebotcO litnu stnemeriuqer eseht fo tuo tpo ot eunitnoc yam ,5002 ,1 rebotcO erofeb stnemeriuqer kcehc drocer lanimirc laredef morf flesti tpmexe ot )noitalsigel etats ro SHH ot rettel aiv( esohc hcihw etats yna taht tpecxe ,setats lla ot elbacilppa era snoisivorp esehT . E-VI eltiT rednu tnemesrubmier laredef mialc ot sdnetni etats eht flaheb esohw no dlihc retsof a fo tnemecalp eht rof emoh s'tnerap evitpoda ro retsof evitcepsorp eht evorppa ton yam etats eht neht ,sraey 5 tsap eht htiw dettimmoc saw taht esneffo detaler-gurd a ro ,yrettab ,tluassa lacisyhp rof noitcivnoc ynolef a swohs ti fi ro ,)yrettab ro tluassa lacisyhp rehto gnidulcni ton tub edicimoh ro ,tluassa lauxes ,epar gnidulcni( ecneloiv gnivlovni emirc a rof ro ,)yhpargonrop dlihc gnidulcni( nerdlihc tsniaga emirc a ,esuops fo esuba ,tcelgen ro esuba dlihc rof tnerap evitpoda ro retsof evitcepsorp eht fo noitcivnoc ynolef a slaever kcehc drocer lanimirc fI .)skcehc IBF( sesabatad noitamrofni emirc lanoitan fo skcehc desab tnirp-regnif gnidulcni ,stnerap evitpoda dna retsof evitcepsorp fo skcehc sdrocer lanimirc tcudnoc dlihc retsof yna fo tnemecalp rof lavorppa lanif erofeB-- .laiciffo ro ycnega etairporppa na ot troper ekaM .E-VI eltiT ro B-VI eltiT rednu dia gniviecer si ohw dlihc a fo tnemtaertlam ro tnemtaert tnegilgen ro ,noitatiolpxe ro esuba lauxes ,yrujni latnem ro lacisyhp fo secnatsni detcepsus ro nwonk )evah yam ti noitautis no noitamrofni yna edivorp dna( tropeR-- .laog siht eveihca ot nekat eb lliw taht spets ebircsed dna erac retsof fo )retaerg ro( htnom ht52 rieht ni eb lliw raey taht gnirud emit yna ta ohw nerdlihc fo rebmun mumixam eht gnidrager raey lacsif hcae rof slaog cificeps hsilbatsE-- .tnemecalp tnenamrep a ezilanif ot dna rennam ylemit a ni dlihc eht ecalp ot edam eb llahs stroffe elbanosaer dna syad 03 nihtiw dleh eb tsum gniraeh ycnenamrep a neht ,edam si noitanimreted siht fI .deriuqer ton era ylimaf a evreserp ro yfinuer ot stroffe elbanosaer taht enimreted yletarapes tsum truoC-- .tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona ro dlihc eht ot yrujni ylidob suoires ni stluser taht tluassa ynolef a dettimmoc )4( ro ;rethgualsnam yratnulov ro redrum a hcus timmoc ot deticilos ro deripsnoc ,detpmetta ,detteba ,dedia )3( ;tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona fo rethgualsnam yratnulov ro redrum dettimmoc )2( ;)wal etats ni denifed sa secnatsmucric rehto ro ,esuba lauxes ,esuba cinorhc ,erutrot ,tnemnodnaba edulcni yam hcihw( ,secnatsmucric detavargga ot dlihc eht detcejbus )1( sah tnerap s'dlihc eht taht denimreted ro dlihc eht fo gnilbis a ot tnerap s'dlihc eht fo sthgir latnerap eht detanimret yliratnulovni sah truoc a fi deriuqer ton era ylimaf a etinuer ro evreserp ot stroffe elbanosaeR-- .dlihc eht fo tnemecalp tnenamrep ezilanif ot dna rennam ylemit a ni dlihc eht ecalp ot edam eb tsum stroffe elbanosaer neht ,nalp ycnenamrep s'dlihc htiw tnetsisnocni si stroffe noitacifinuer ro noitavreserp ylimaf gniunitnoc fI-- .ylimaf evreserp ro yfinuer ot stroffe elbanosaer sa emit emas eht a)174 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR tnemeriuqeR ecnatsissA noitpodA dna eraC retsoF nalP fo dniK Independence Program (CFCIP), by Adrienne L. Fernandes. For more information on these programs see CRS Report RS22501, Child Welfare: The Chafee Foster Care 16 ecrofkrow lacol ro sloohcs hgih yb dereffo( secivres krow ot-loohcs dna gnisuoh lacol dna ,noitacude ecnenitsba ,)tcA htuoY sselemoH dna yawanuR eht rednu dednuf stcejorp htuoy gnivil lanoitisnart yllaicepse( htuoy rof dna )spohskrow deretlehs yllaicepse( htuoy delbasid rof smargorp etats dna laredef rehto htiw secivres PICFC etanidrooc ot troffe yreve ekaM-- .nalp PICFC eht no stnemmoc timbus ot syad 03 tsael ta cilbup eht fo srebmem detseretni lla eviG-- b.nalp PICFC eht gnipoleved ni snoitazinagro etavirp dna cilbup htiw ylediw tlusnoc dna ecnednepedni eveihca ot erac retsof ni stnecseloda gnipleh ni srotces etavirp dna cilbup fo tnemevlovni erusnE-- .)rennam mrofinu a ni ylirassecen ton hguoht( margorp eht yb devres era etats eht fo snoisividbus lacitilop lla taht erusnE-- bnoitanidrooc .margorp ecnednepedni erac dna retsof eht fo sesoprup eht eveihca ot smargorp reviled dna ngised lliw etats woh ebircseD-- ,noitazinagro ,noitartsinimda .nalp siht fo :secivres smargorp eht eesrevo ro ,esivrepus ,retsinimda lliw seicnega ro ycnega etats hcihw yficepS-- gninnalP a))b( 774 noitceS( tnemeriuqeR stnemeriuqeR margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF nalP fo dniK tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo E-VI eltiT rednu ,srehcuoV gniniarT dna noitacudE dna )PICFC( margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC ehT. 7 elbaT FY2007 vouchers: $46 million. under these programs on a matching basis (80% federal share). FY2007 CFCIP: $140 million; vouchers only are authorized on a discretionary basis. The federal government provides funds authorized as a capped entitlement; funds specifically provided for education and training Funds for a wide variety of services to these youth (including education and training) are of foster care to make a successful transition from state foster care custody to independent living. enable youth who are expected to "age-out" of foster care and those who have recently aged out under Title IV-E of the Social Security Act.16 These include a variety of services designed to Table 7 lists requirements related to funding for foster care independence services authorized ).E-A secidneppA ,04.5531§ .R.F.C 54 snoitalugeR laredeF fo edoC eht dna )c( dna)b(974 noitceS eeS( .ydisbus laredef a eviecer yeht ton ro rehtehw ,erac retsof fo tuo detpoda ro ni nerdlihc lla gninrecnoc atad level esac timbus ot deriuqer era setatS .b .tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht ot refer elbat siht ni snoitces ro seltit ot secnerefer lla deton esiwrehto sselnU .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab )SRC( ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS ).dlihc fo sdeen dna )s(tnerap gnitpoda fo secnatsmucric redisnoc dluohs etats gnirahs-tsoc gninimreted ni dna nalp ecnatsissa lacidem etats elbarapmoc ro diacideM eb yam egarevoc ehT( .stnerap evitpoda dna etats neewteb tnemeerga ecnatsissa noitpoda E-VI eltiT a)174 noitceS( stnemeriuqeR tnemeriuqeR ecnatsissA noitpodA dna eraC retsoF nalP fo dniK .tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht ot refer elbat siht ni snoitces ro seltit ot secnerefer lla deton esiwrehto sselnU .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab )SRC( ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS .)elbissop tnetxe ot( margorp gnivil tnednepedni eht htiw gniniart siht etanidrooc dna ,gnivil tnednepedni rof gniraperp stnecseloda gnitnorfnoc seussi eht sserdda dna dnatsrednu sreganam esac dna ,semoh puorg ni srekrow ,stnerap evitpoda ,stnerap retsof pleh ot ecnatsissa noitpoda dna erac retsof laredef rednu diap sdnuf gniniart laredef esU-- .margorp eht fo trap rieht ot pu gnivil rof ytilibisnopser lanosrep tpecca yeht taht dna gnivil tnednepedni rof meht eraperp taht seitivitca nwo rieht gningised ni yltcerid etapicitrap margorp siht yb devres stnecseloda taht erusnE-- .stneipicer tifeneb fo tnemtaert elbatiuqe dna riaf erusne ot dna ,smargorp eht rednu secivres dna stifeneb rof ytilibigile gninimreted rof airetirc evitcejbo esU-- .etats eht ni nerdlihc rehto ot sa sisab emas eht no etats eht ni nerdlihc naidnI ot elbaliava secivres dna stifeneb ekaM-- .ega fo sraey 12 tey ton era ohw dna erac retsof fo tuo ega ohw nerdlihc ot dereffo era secivres dna ecnatsissa taht dna ecnednepedni fo segats suoirav ta dna sega suoirav fo nerdlihc evres smargorp taht erusnE-- .noitacude ,tnemyolpme ,gnilesnuoc ,gnisuoh ,secnanif ot detaler esoht gnidulcni secivres dna troppus etairporppa dna ;noitacude dna gniniart yradnocestsop gnidulcni ,gniniart dna noitacude rof srehcuov )12-81 sega neewteb yllareneg( erac retsof fo tuo dega evah ohw nerdlihc rof ,elbaliava gnikam · ;)stluda detacided htiw snoitcaretni etomorp dna troppus lanoitome dna lanosrep edivorp ot( secivres gnirotnem ,erac retsof fo tuo gniga era ohw nerdlihc rof ,gnireffo · ;)noitneverp ycnangerp dna noitacude noitirtun ,ecnadiova gnikoms ,.g.e( seitivitca htlaeh dna noitneverp esuba ecnatsbus dna ;)tnemeganam laicnanif dna gnitegdub gnidulcni( slliks efil ;)noitneter dna tnemecalp boj dna noitarolpxe reerac ,sloohcs yradnoces-tsop gniretne dna rof gniraperp ,amolpid loohcshgih a gniniag gnidulcni( tnemniatta lanoitacov dna lanoitacude ot detaler secivres reffo ,htuoy dna nerdlihc esoht rof dna ega fo sraey 81 litnu erac retsof ni niamer ot ylekil era ohw nerdlihc gniyfitnedi · dedivorp eb ot smargorp gnidulcni ,sesoprup denifed rehto steem taht dna doohtluda dna secivres ot ecnecseloda morf noitisnart eht gnikam neht dna rof gniraperp rof ytilibisnopser lanosrep ,snoitcetorp rieht tpecca dna ezingocer stnapicitrap taht erusne ot margorp tcudnoc dna ngiseD-- dlihC d.secivres gnivil tnednepedni laredef eht fo gnitroper dna sesoprup eht gniveihca ni smargorp eht fo stceffe eht fo snoitaulave lanoitan ni etarepooC-- noitcelloc ataD .smargorp detsissa yllaredef fo laredef rehto yb detnarg esoht etacilpud ton od dereffo stifeneb taht dna dewolla mumixam deecxe t'nseod dereffo ecnatsissa lanoitacude taht erusne ot desu sdohtem ebircseD-- d .)i(774 noitceS ni snoitidnoc htiw seilpmoc taht margorP rehcuoV gniniarT dna noitacudE na sah etats taht erusnE-- .12 ega tey ton era tub 81 ega ta erac retsof tfel ohw nerdlihc fo draob ro moor rof tneps eb yam tnemtolla eht fo %03 naht erom on dna ega fo sraey 81 tey ton si ohw dlihc rof stsoc draob ro moor no tneps eb yam margorp siht rof yenom dettolla yllaredef on taht erusnE-- .nalp eht rednu tuo deirrac smargorp ni esuba dna duarf tneverp ot serudecorp dna sdradnats ecrofne dna hsilbatsE-- .sebirt eseht htiw smargorp etanidrooc ot troffe ekam dna nalp rednu tuo deirrac eb ot smargorp tuoba etats eht ni sebirt naidnI htiw tlusnoC-- .)seicnega a))b( 774 noitceS( tnemeriuqeR stnemeriuqeR margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF nalP fo dniK yam hcihw ,secnatsmucric detavargga ot dlihc eht detcejbus )1( sah dlihc a fo tnerap eht dnuof sah truoc fi deriuqer ton era ylimaf eht yfinuer ro evreserp ot stroffe elbanosaeR-- nevig mret eht fZo noitinifed .ylimaf eht yfinuer ro evreserp ot stroffe elbanosaer lamrof on si erehT htiw yltnerrucnoc edam eb yam ,stnemecalp etatS-fo-tuo dna etatS-ni etairporppa gniyfitnedi .stnemeriuqer gnidulcni ,naidraug lagel a htiw ro noitpoda rof dlihc a ecalp ot stroffe elbanosaeR-- nalp ecnatsissa .dlihc eht rof tnemecalp tnenamrep a ezilanif ot dna )tnemecalp noitpoda dna erac etatsretni na hguorht ,etairporppa fi ,gnidulcni( dlihc eht fo tnemecalp ylemit a ekam ot retsof E-VI eltiT yrassecen spets eht etelpmoc ot edam eb tsum stroffe elbanosaer ,nalp ycnenamrep s'dlihc eht ni dedulcni a htiw tnetsisnocni dnuof era ylimaf a etinuer ro evreserp ot stroffe elbanosaer fI-- si ti sa stroffe elbanosaer .ytefas dna htlaeh s'dlihc si nrecnoc tnuomarap eht ,stroffe elbanosaer gninimreted nI-- fo noitpircsed a si sihT :etoN .ylefas emoh nruter ot dlihc a rof elbissop ti ekam ot edam eb tsum stroffe elbanosaer devomer si dlihc a retfa ;emoh eht morf dlihc eht gnivomer rof deen eht etanimile ro stroffe tneverp ot edam eb tsum stroffe elbanosaer erac retsof ni decalp eb nac dlihc a erofeB-- elbanosaeR a noitpircsed ro noitinifed yrotutatS mreT )882-901 .L.P ro 932-901 .L.P yb dednema ro dedda saw scilati ni txeT( tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht ni snoitinifeD tnatropmI .8 elbaT and ease of reference. extensive definition given to case review system. They are listed separately in Table 8 for clarity definition in the statute. Please note that some of the terms included below are defined within the case review system and have their own case plan. These, and related terms, are given detailed care, who are receiving services under Title IV-B or Title IV-E, must be part of a state operated Title IV-E and Title IV-B child welfare programs. For instance, children in state-supervised foster Most of these definitions are included in Section 475 of the Social Security Act and apply to both Table 8 includes definitions critical to understanding state responsibilities to children in its care. .sednanreF enneirdA yb ,6002 ,82 tsuguA ",esabatad tcA ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC eht tnemelpmI ot gnikameluR desoporP fo ecitoN" 250160DC mudnaromeM noitubirtsiD lanoissergnoC SRC fo ypoc a tseuqer ,deveihca semoctuo dna dedivorp secivres no atad level-esac tcelloc ot setats eriuqer dluow hcihw ,esabatad desoporp eht dna MRPN siht no noitamrofni erom roF .esabataD noitsisnarT ni htuoY lanoitaN eht hsilbatse ot skees taht )MRPN( gnikameluR desoporP fo ecitoN a desaeler )SHH( secivreS namuH dna htlaeH fo tnemtrapeD .S.U eht ,6002 yluJ nI .margorp siht rednu devres htuoy kcart ot metsys atad a fo tnemhsilbatse eht seriuqer 961-601 .L.P .d .smargorp gniniart dna noitacude etairporppa rehto htiw margorp rehcuov eht etanidrooc ot deriuqer si etats eht ,yllaniF .)ylevitcepser ,274 dna 201 snoitces ,5691 fo tcA noitacudE rehgiH eht ni denifed era "ecnadnetta fo tsoc" dna "noitacude rehgih fo noitutitsni" smret ehT( .)stifeneb fo noitacilpud tneverp ot spets ekat tsum ycnega etats eht dna ecnadnetta fo tsoc eht deecxe t'nac htuoy a ot dereffo ecnatsissa lanoitacude fo tnuoma latot eht taht tpecxe( ecnatsissa detroppus yllaredef ro laredef rehto yna rednu stifeneb ro ytilibigile gnitaluclac nehw dedragersid eb yam ecnatsissa rehcuov sihT .ssel si revehcihw ,ecnadnetta fo tsoc eht ro raey /000,5$ deecxe ton tsum dna noitacude rehgih fo noitutitsni ts na ta ecnadnetta fo tsoc eht rof dedivorp eb yam srehcuov ehT .)yadhtrib 12 rieht no margorp gniniart dna noitacude na ni ssergorp yrotcafsitas gnikam era dna margorp rehcuov eht ni dellorne era yeht fi 32 ega litnu pu ro( 12 ega hcaer yeht litnu secivres eseht rof elbigile niamer htuoY .redlo ro 61 ega ta erac retsof morf detpoda erew era ohw htuoy rof dna margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC eht rednu secivres rof elbigile era ohw htuoy rof smargorp gniniart ro noitacude rof srehcuov reffo yam setatS :ylppa snoitidnoc gniwollof ehT .c .)tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo B-VI eltiT rednu( smargorp seilimaF elbatS efaS gnitomorP dna secivreS erafleW dlihC eht dna ,stnarg etats cisab s'ATPAC era nalP secivreS ylimaF dna dlihC eht ni dedulcni eb ot deriuqer yltnerruc era taht smargorp rehtO .nalp siht ni dedulcni era margorP rehcuoV gniniarT dna noitacudE detaicossa sti dna margorP ecnednepednI eraC retsoF eefahC ehT .sdnuf eseht rof gniylppa nehw nalP secivreS ylimaF dna dlihC raey-5 a poleved ot era setatS .b fo sdeen laiceps dna tseretni tseb htiw tnetsisnoc( emoh 'stnerap eht ot ytimixorp esolc ni dna ,elbaliava gnittes etairporppa tsom ,)ekil-ylimaf tsom( evitcirtser tsael eht eb tsum )5( 574 noitceS gnittes ehT .gnittes efas a ni tnemecalp eveihca ot dengised nalp esac a sah dlihc hcaE-- metsys taht gnirussa rof erudecorP weiver esaC .ycnega etats rehtie htiw tcartnoc rednu ycnega etavirp a yb deyolpme eb ro sediser won dlihc eht erehw etats eht fo ycnega eht ,ediser s'tnerap eht erehw etats eht fo ycnega eht yb deyolpme eb yam rekrowesac ehT .evil s'tnerap s'dlihc eht erehw ycnega etats eht ot tisiv eht fo troper a timbus dna tnemecalp siht ni dlihc eht tisiv tsum rekrowesac a shtnom 6 yreve ecno tsael ta ,etats-fo-tuo erac retsof ni decalp si dlihc fI-- .dlihc eht fo tseretni tseb eht ni si tnemecalp siht yhw snosaer evig tsum ,)etats emoh reh/sih naht etats rehtona ni ro( stnerap reh/sih morf ecnatsid laitnatsbus a noitutitsni erac dlihc ro ylimaf retsof a ni decalp si dlihc a fI-- .stnemecalp etatsretni dna etats-ni ylemit dna ylredro etatilicaf ot )smetsys egnahcxe cinortcele gnidulcni ,segnahcxe noitpoda lanoitan dna ,lanoiger ,etats fo esu ,.g.e( stroffe tnemtiurcer cificeps dlihc edulcni tsum noitatnemucod muminim a tA .pihsnaidraug lagel ro noitpoda eht ezilanif )3( dna ;tnemegnarra gnivil tnenamrep dennalp rehtona ni ro ,naidraug lagel a ,evitaler gnilliw dna tif a ,ylimaf evitpoda na htiw dlihc eht ecalp )2( ;tnemegnarra gnivil tnenamrep rehto ro ylimaf evitpoda na dnif )1( ot gnikat si ycnega spets fo noitatnemucod :emoh tnenamrep rehtona ni tnemecalp ro noitpoda si nalp ycnenamrep s'dlihc fI-- .gnivil tnednepedni ot erac retsof morf noitisnart rof eraperp reh/mih pleh lliw taht secivres dna smargorp eht fo noitpircsed nettirw a ,)etairporppa erehw( revo ro 61 ega si dlihc fI-- c).ycnega etats eht yb etairporppa eb ot denimreted dlihc eht tuoba noitamrofni noitacude dna htlaeh tnaveler rehto yna )5( dna ;snoitacidem dna ,smelborp lacidem nwonk ,snoitazinummi s'dlihc fo drocer )4( ;tnemecalp fo emit eht ta ni dellorne si dlihc loohcs fo noitacol tnuocca otni sekat tnemecalp erac retsof s'dlihc taht ecnarussa )3( ;drocer loohcs dna ecnamrofrep level edarg s'dlihc )2( ;sredivorp lanoitacude dna htlaeh s'dlihc fo sesserdda dna seman )1( gnidrager elbaliava noitamrofni tnecer tsom eht gnidulcnI( .dlihc eht fo sdrocer noitacude dna htlaeH-- .nalp eht rednu dlihc eht ot dedivorp neeb evah taht secivres fo ssenetairporppa fo noissucsid a gnidulcni ,erac retsof ni elihw dlihc eht fo sdeen eht sserdda )3( dna ;dlihc eht fo tnemecalp tnenamrep eht ro emoh efas nwo sih ot dlihc fo nruter etatilicaf )2( ;emoh 'stnerap eht ni snoitidnoc evorpmi )1( ot stnerap retsof dna ,dlihc ,stnerap eht ot dedivorp era secivres taht erussa ot nalP-- .erac reporp dna efas seviecer dlihc erussa ot nalP-- b).flaheb s'dlihc eht no stroffe elbanosaer gnikam gnidulcni ,emoh morf dlihc )A()5( 574 evomer ot noitanimreted laiciduj ro tnemeerga tnemecalp yratnulov eht tuo yrrac ot snalp noitceS osla ees dlihc eht rof elbisnopser ycnega eht woh dna tnemecalp eht fo ssenetairporppa dna ytefas fo dna noissucsid edulcni tsuM( .decalp si dlihc erehw noitutitsni ro emoh fo epyt fo noitpircseD-- )1(574 noitceS :gniwollof eht ,tsael ta ,sedulcni taht tnemucod nettirw A nalp esaC ).dlihc eht rof snoitpo tnemecalp etats-fo-tuo dna etats-ni redisnoc tsum gniraeh ycnenamrep sihT .tnemecalp tnenamrep a ezilanif ot dna rennam ylemit a ni dlihc eht ecalp ot yrassecen spets etelpmoc ot edam eb tsum stroffe elbanosaer dna syad 03 nihtiw dleh eb tsum gniraeh ycnenamrep a ,)evoba debircsed sa gniodgnorw latnerap fo gnidnif truoc reilrae no desab( deriuqer ton era ylimaf a yfinuer ro evreserp ot stroffe elbanosaer taht senimreted truoc fI-- .tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona ro dlihc eht .ecnerefer ot yrujni ylidob suoires ni stluser taht tluassa ynolef a dettimmoc sah )5( ro ;rethgualsnam tneinevnoc yratnulov ro redrum a hcus timmoc ot deripsnoc ro detpmetta ,detteba ,dedia sah rof yletarapes )4( ;nwo reh ro sih fo dlihc rehtona fo rethgualsnam yratnulov ro redrum dettimmoc sah dedulcni si )3( ;detanimret yliratnulovni dlihc eht fo gnilbis a fo tnerap eht eb ot sthgir reh ro sih dah noitpircsed ehT )2( ;wal etats yb denifed sa ,esuba lauxes dna ,esuba cinorhc ,erutrot ,tnemnodnaba edulcni .etutats eht ni anoitpircsed ro noitinifed yrotutatS mreT )".evitaler gnilliw dna tif" a htiw decalp eb ot dlihc eht rof ro snoitpo ycnenamrep eerht rehto eht fo eno eusrup ot dlihc eht fo )C()5( 574 noitceS tseretni tseb eht ni eb ton dluow ti taht nosaer gnillepmoc a truoc eht ot detnemucod sah eeS .metsys weiver ycnega eraflew dlihc etats eht nehw nalp ycnenamrep a sa desu eb ylno yam noitpo tsal ehT( esac fo noitinifed nihtiw debircseD ".tnemegnarra gnivil tnenamrep dennalp rehtona ni decalp )4( ro ;pihsnaidraug lagel rof derrefer )3( ;sthgir latnerap fo noitanimret rof noititep lliw etats eht dna noitpoda rof nalp decalp )2( ;tnerap eht ot denruter )1( eb lliw dlihc ,nehw elbacilppa fi ,dna rehtehw sedulcnI ycnenamreP .)iii-i()E()5(574 ).deriuqer era ylimaf eht etinuer ot stroffe elbanosaer fi ylno seilppa noitceS eeS noitpecxe sihT( .emoh s'dlihc ot dlihc fo nruter efas rof yrassecen smeed etats eht taht .metsys weiver ,nalp esac htiw tnetsisnoc ,secivres ylemit ,dlihc eht fo ylimaf eht dedivorp ton sah etatS-- esac fo noitinifed nihtiw debircseD .tseretni tseb s'dlihc ni eb ton dluow sthgir latnerap fo noitanimret rof gnilif taht nosaer gnillepmoc a sthgir latnerap fo ,weiver truoc rof elbaliava si hcihw ,nalp esac s'dlihc eht ni detnemucod sah ycnega etatS-- noitanimret rof gnilif detadnam .)noitpo etats( evitaler yb rof derac gnieb si dlihC-- ot snoitpecxE d.gnideecorp ro weiver a hcus ot ytrap a edam eb ot )s(nosrep siht wolla ot deriuqer ton si etats ,revewoH .dlihc eht ot tcepser htiw dleh gnideecorp ro weiver yna ni draeh eb ot thgir a dna fo eciton eviecer ,revig-erac evitaler a ro ,tnerap evitpoda-erp yna ,stnerap retsof s'dlihc A-- .noitpoda rof ylimaf deifilauq a evorppa dna ,ssecorp ,tiurcer ,yfitnedi ot ,emit emas eht ta ,dna stnerap s'dlihc fo sthgir latnerap etanimret ot noititep a elif tsum etats eht ,tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona ot ro dlihc eht ot yrujni ylidob suoires ni detluser taht tluassa ynolef a dettimmoc )3( ro ;rethgualsnam yratnulov ro redrum a hcus timmoc ot deticilos ro ,detpmetta ,deripsnoc ,detteba ,dedia )2( ,tnerap eht fo dlihc rehtona fo rethgualsnam yratnulov ro redrum dettimmoc )1( sah tnerap eht taht denimreted sah ro tnafni denodnaba na eb ot dlihc a denimreted sah noitcidsiruj tnetepmoc fo truoc a fi ,)woleb noitpircsed ees( ylppa snoitpecxe niatrec sselnU-- .noitpoda rof ylimaf deifilauq a evorppa dna ,ssecorp ,tiurcer ,yfitnedi ot ,emit emas eht ta ,dna )noititep delif ydaerla yna nioj ot kees ro( stnerap s'dlihc fo sthgir latnerap etanimret ot noititep a elif tsum etats eht shtnom 22 tsap eht fo 51 rof erac retsof desivrepus -etats ni neeb sah dlihc fi ,)woleb noitpircsed ees( ylppa snoitpecxe niatrec sselnU-- .)"tuo sega"( ytirojam fo ega etats eht gnihcaer fo esuaceb erac retsof sevael ehs/eh emit eht ta )tsoc on ta( dlihc eht ot deilppus si dna decalp si dlihc )emit hcae dna( emit eht ta redivorp erac ro tnerap retsof eht ot deilppus si drocer eht fo ypoc a dna detadpu ,deweiver si drocer noitacude dna htlaeh s'dlihC-- .dedraugefas era ,segelivirp gnitisiv 'stnerap gnitceffa noitanimreted yna )3( dna ;tnemecalp s'dlihc eht ni egnahc a )2( ;stnerap reh/sih fo emoh morf dlihc fo lavomer )1( ot gniniatrep ,sthgir latneraP-- ).woleb gniraeh ycnenamrep dna nalp ycnenamrep fo noitpircsed rehtruf eeS( .erac retsof ni sniamer dlihc eht sa gnol sa rof shtnom 21 yreve ecno tsael ta dleh eb tsum gniraeh ycnenamrep a ,gniraeh laitini siht retfA .nalp ycnenamrep s'dlihc eht enimreted ot ,erac retsof sretne dlihc etad retfa shtnom 21 naht retal on ,gniraeh ycnenamrep a seviecer erac retsof desivrepus-etats ni dlihc hcaE-- .pihsnaidraug lagel ro noitpoda rof decalp ro emoh denruter ylefas eb yam dlihc eht hcihw yb etad ylekil a tcejorp ot )5( dna ;yrassecen tnemecalp erac retsof edam taht sesuac eht gnitagitim ro gnitaivella drawot edam ssergorp fo tnetxe )4( ;nalp esac eht htiw ecnailpmoc fo tnetxe )3( ;tnemecalp fo ssenetairporppa ro deen deunitnoc )2( ;dlihc fo ytefas )1( enimreted ot weiver evitartsinimda yb ro truoc a rehtie yb shtnom 6 yreve tsael ta deweiver si dlihc fo sutatS-- .)evoba noitinifed ni stnemeriuqer nalp esac lanoitidda eeS( .)dlihc anoitpircsed ro noitinifed yrotutatS mreT )7(574 noitceS gniwollof eht fo rekaterac eht ot refsnart eht yb decnedive sa gniniatsus-fles dna tnenamrep eb ot dednetni si taht rekaterac dna dlihc neewteb pihsnoitaler detaerc yllaiciduJ-- pihsnaidraug lageL )2( 574 noitceS( .wal etats elbacilppa yb denimreted sa ,snaidraug lagel ro stnerap evitpoda ro lacigoloiB-- stneraP .evitceffe si tnemeerga eht elihw etats rehtona ot evom dlihc dna stnerap evitpoda eht erehw sesac ni dlihc eht fo stseretni eht fo )esiwrehto ro yraterces SHH eht yb devorppa tcapmoc etatsretni na rednu( noitcetorp eht rof snoisivorp ekam tsuM-- .emit nevig a ta gnivil era stnerap evitpoda eht erehw etats eht fo sseldrager tceffe ni sniamer tnemeerga eht taht etalupits tsuM-- .tnemeerga eht rednu dedivorp )3(574 noitceS eb ot ecnatsissa dna secivres ,stnemyap yna fo tnuoma dna erutan eht yficeps tsuM-- tnemeerga .dlihc ronim a fo stnerap evitpoda evitcepsorp eht ecnatsissa dna seicnega tnaveler rehto ,ycnega etats eht neewteb tnemeerga gnidnib dna nettirw A-- noitpodA .nerdlihc htob rof )smeti detsil eht rof( stsoc revoc tsum tnemyap eht ,noitutitsni ro emoh emas eht ni gnivil era dlihc dna tnerap eht dna tnerap a osla si ohw dlihc a fo flaheb no edam gnieb si tnemyap ecnanetniam erac retsof a fI-- .detsil smeti eht edivorp ot yrassecen era taht noitutitsni eht fo noitarepo dna noitartsinimda fo stsoc elbanosaer eht edulcni tsum tnemyap ,erac lanoitutitsni fo esac eht nI-- )4(574 noitceS .noitatisiv rof emoh s'dlihc eht ot levart elbanosaer dna ,dlihc a tnemyap ot tcepser htiw ecnarusni ytilibail ,slatnedicni lanosrep s'dlihc a ,seilppus loohcs ,noisivrepus ecnanetniam yliad ,retlehs ,gnihtolc ,doof )gnidivorp fo tsoc eht dna( fo tsoc eht revoc ot stnemyaP-- erac retsoF .)weiver )6( 574 noitceS eht fo tcejbus eht era ohw stnerap eht ro dlihc eht rehtie ot secivres fo yreviled eht ro ,fo tnemeganam esac eht rof elbisnopser ton si mohw fo eno tsael ta( snosrep etairporppa weiver fo lenap a yb detcudnoc dna dlihc eht fo stnerap eht fo noitapicitrap eht ot nepO-- evitartsinimdA )F()5(574 noitceS eeS .metsys weiver esac fo noitinifed nihtiw debircseD .emoh eht morf devomer si dlihc eht etad retfa syad 06 )2( ro ;tnemtaertlam erac retsof ot detcejbus neeb dah dlihc eht taht gnidnif laiciduj tsrif fo etad )1( :reilrae si revehcihW-- sretne dlihc etaD .dlihc eht rof nalp noitisnart ro ycnenamrep desoporp eht gnidrager dlihc eht htiw ,rennam etairporppa-ega na ni ,stlusnoc gniraeh eht gnitcudnoc ydob evitartsinimda ro truoc eht taht erusne ot deilppa eb tsum sdraugefas larudecorP-- .gnivil tnednepedni ot erac retsof morf noitisnart ekam ot dlihc tsissa ot dedeen secivres enimreted tsum ,redlo ro 61 ega si dlihc fI-- .tseretni tseb s'dlihc eht ni dna etairporppa eb ot seunitnoc tnemecalp etats-fo-tuo siht fi enimreted tsum ,evil stnerap reh/sih erehw etats eht edistuo erac retsof ni decalp si dlihc fI-- .snoitpo tnemecalp etats-fo-tuo dna etats -ni redisnoc tsum ,stnerap reh/sih ot denruter eb ton lliw dlihc a setacidni nalp ycnenamrep fI-- )C()5(574 ).evoba noitpircsed eeS( .dlihc eht rof nalp ycnenamrep eht enimreted tsuM-- noitceS eeS .metsys weiver .truoc eht yb detnioppa ydob evitartsinimda esac fo noitinifed yb ro noitcidsiruj tnetepmoc fo truoc rehtona ro labirt ,elinevuj ,ylimaf ni dleh eb ot erA-- nihtiw debircseD .)evoba metsys weiver esac fo noitinifed ees( )erac gniraeh retsof ni si dlihc a emit eht gnirud( shtnom 21 reve naht yltneuqerf ssel on rucco tsuM-- ycnenamreP anoitpircsed ro noitinifed yrotutatS mreT estoltzfus@crs.loc.gov, 7-2324 Specialist in Social Policy Emilie Stoltzfus .dlihc eht ot tcepser htiw dleh eb ot gnideecorp yna fo deifiton era )etats eht fo ytilibisnopser eht rednu( erac retsof ni dlihc a fo srevig-erac evitaler dna ,stnerap evitpoda-erp ,stnerap retsof taht erusne ot struoc etats gniriuqer elur a tceffe ni evah ot PIC eht rednu gnidnuf gniviecer taht struoc tsehgih etats eriuqer ot )tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht fo 834 noitceS ,PIC( margorP tnemevorpmI truoC eht dednema rehtruf 932-901 .L.P .d .sdrocer noitacude dna htlaeh edulcni nalp esac eht taht tnemeriuqer eht gninehtgnerts ,tnemeriuqer siht morf "elbissecca dna elbaliava tnetxe eht ot" esarhp gniyfilauq eht deteled 932-901 .L.P .c .yrassecen eb yam tnemdnema gnimrofnoc A .171-901 .L.P yb E-VI eltiT ot edam segnahc rehto fo esuaceb tsol neeb evah ot sraeppa ti ,revewoH . demuserp si tnemeriuqer "stroffe elbanosaer" eht ot ereh knil yrotutats deunitnoc ehT .b .tcA ytiruceS laicoS eht ot refer elbat siht ni snoitces ro seltit ot secnerefer lla ,deton esiwrehto sselnU .a .egaugnal yrotutats no desab )SRC( ecivreS hcraeseR lanoissergnoC yb deraperp elbaT :ecruoS )7(574 noitceS .pihsnaidraug lagel a ni rekaterac ehT-- naidraug lageL .gnikam noisiced )5( dna ;nosrep eht fo ydotsuc )4( ;nosrep eht fo lortnoc dna erac )3( ;noitacude )2( ;noitcetorp )1( :dlihc eht ot tcepser htiw sthgir latnerap anoitpircsed ro noitinifed yrotutatS mreT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-RL31242