For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-RL30722 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ¡ ¢ ¢ Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress ¢ This is a chart of the maximum fines and terms of imprisonment that may be imposed as a consequence of conviction for violation of the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) and other drug supply and drug demand related laws. It lists the penalties for: heroin, cocaine, crack, PCP, LSD, marihuana (marijuana), amphetamine, methamphetamine, listed (precursor) chemicals, paraphernalia, date rape drugs, rave drugs, designer drugs, ecstasy, drug kingpins, as well as the other substances including narcotics and opiates assigned to Schedule I, Schedule II, Schedule III, Schedule IV, and Schedule V of the Controlled Substances Act and the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (Title II and Title III of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Control Act). It maps the penalty structure for violations of 21 U.S.C. 841 (drug trafficking), 21 U.S.C. 841(b)(5) (cultivation on federal property), 21 U.S.C. 841(b)(6) (environmental damage from illegal manufacturing), 21 U.S.C. 841(b)(7) (crime of violence), 21 U.S.C. 841(c) (offenses involving listed chemicals), 21 U.S.C. 841(d)(booby traps on federal lands), 21 U.S.C. 841(f) (distribution/possession of listed chemicals), 21 U.S.C. 841(g) (Internet sales of date rape drugs), 21 U.S.C. 841(h) (dispensing controlled substances that are prescription drugs by means of the Internet), 21 U.S.C. 842 (regulatory offenses), 21 U.S.C. 843 (communications-related offenses), 21 U.S.C. 844 (simple possession), 21 U.S.C. 846, 963 (attempt and conspiracy), 21 U.S.C. 849 (drug dealing at truck stops), 21 U.S.C. 848 (continuing criminal enterprises (CCE)), 21 U.S.C. 854, 855 (investment of illicit drug profits), 21 U.S.C. 856 (establishing manufacturing operations), 21 U.S.C. 858 (endangering human life), 21 U.S.C. 859 (distribution to infants, minors, children, juveniles, and those under 18 years of age), 21 U.S.C. 860 (distribution in school zones), 21 U.S.C. 861 (distribution to pregnant women), 21 U.S.C. 863 (trafficking in drug paraphernalia), 21 U.S.C. 864 (theft of anhydrous ammonia, or transportation of stolen anhydrous ammonia), 21 U.S.C. 865 (smuggling methamphetamine into the United States), 21 U.S.C. 960 (illicit drug import and export), 21 U.S.C. 960a (narco-terrorism), 21 U.S.C. 962 (recalcitrant drug smugglers), 21 U.S.C. 1906 (financial transactions with designated foreign narcotics traffickers), 18 U.S.C. 545 (smuggling goods into the United States), 18 U.S.C. 546 (smuggling goods into foreign countries), 18 U.S.C. 924(c) (firearms and armor piercing ammunition in connection to drug trafficking crime), 18 U.S.C. 924(e) (armed career criminals), 18 U.S.C. 1952 (Travel Act), 18 U.S.C. 1956 (money laundering), 18 U.S.C. 1957 (monetary transactions in property derived from unlawful activity), 18 U.S.C. 1959 (compensated crime of violence in aid of racketeering), 18 U.S.C. 1963 (racketeering (RICO)), 18 U.S.C. 3559(c)(three strikes), 19 U.S.C. 1590 (aviation smuggling), 26 U.S.C. 7201 (tax evasion), 26 U.S.C. 7203 (failure to file required returns), 26 U.S.C. 7206 (fraud and false statements), 31 U.S.C. 5322 (currency transaction reporting (smurfing)), 31 U.S.C. 5332 (bulk cash smuggling into or out of the United States), 46 U.S.C. 70506 (maritime drug law enforcement). Trafficking................................................................................................................................. 1 Possession ................................................................................................................................. 8 Controlled Substance Violations and Other Crimes/Activity.................................................... 8 Racketeering.............................................................................................................................11 Smuggling ............................................................................................................................... 12 Laundering Money from Controlled Substance Violations..................................................... 12 Tax Offenses............................................................................................................................ 13 Author Contact Information .......................................................................................................... 13 2 1 kilogram is equal to 35.27 ounces; 1 gram is equal to 0.04 ounces. not less than 10 years nor more than life. $10 million for a defendant other than an individual. A reference to "10 years to life" means a term of imprisonment of A reference to a fine of "$4/10 million" means a fine of no more than $4 million for an individual and no more than substance regardless of the weight of the substance in the mixture. substance involved. Unless otherwise indicated, weights apply to any mixture containing a detectable amount of the subject to the same imprisonment penalty--20 years to life--if death or serious bodily injury results from the use of the All trafficking offenses involving Schedule I and II substances (and gamma hydrobutyric acid and flunitrazepam) are 1 sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 001 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 999 ot 001 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro margolik 1 PCP fo tnuoma elbatceted gniniatnoc ecnatsbus ro erutxiM sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 01 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 99 ot 01 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro smarg 001 )enidilcycnehp( PCP sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 5 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 94 ot 5 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro smarg 05 ).cte ",kcarC"( esab eniacoc gniniatnoc eninogce ro ,eniacoc ,sevael acoC sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 005 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 9994 ot 005 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro smargolik 5 )rosrucerp eniacoc a( eninogcE sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 005 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 9994 ot 005 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro smargolik 5 sevitavired dna fael acoC sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 001 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 999 ot 001 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro 2margolik enO nioreH tnemnosirpmI eniF tnuomA ecnatsbuS esneffo ts1 1)60507 .C.S.U 64 dna ,269 ,069 ,148 .C.S.U 12( .cte ,noitatropxe dna noitatropmi ,erutcafunam ,etubirtsid ot tnetni htiw noissessop ,noitubirtsid lufwalnU date of April 13, 2009. 6 As amended by the Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, P.L. 110-425, with an effective imprisonment. 5 Importation or exportation of any quantity of flunitrazepam is subject to a fine of $1/5 million and up to 20 years under section 844, infra. distribution of a small amount of marihuana for no remuneration is treated as a simple possession offense and punished 4 Except in the case of 50 or more marihuana plants regardless of weight, and except that under section 841(b)(4) plants in excess of 100 is subject to higher penalties than those for less than 50 kilograms of marihuana, etc. not distinguish between quantities of marihuana plants in excess of 100. Importation or exportation of any marihuana Unlike the penalties for manufacturing, distribution, dispensing, or possession, those for importation or exportation do 3 6sraey 5 ot pU noillim 1$/000,052$ marg 1 naht sseL sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ marg 1 5mapezartinulF sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ thgiew yna dica cirytubyxordyh ammaG sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ erutxim a fo smarg 05 naht ssel ro smarg 5 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ erutxim a fo smarg 994 ot 05 ro smarg 94 ot 5 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erutxim a fo erom ro smarg 005 ro erom ro smarg 05 enimatehpmahteM sraey 5 ot pU noillim 1$/000,052$ stnalp 94 ot 1 ro ,lio hsihsah fo margolik eno ,hsihsah fo smargolik 01 ,4smargolik 05 rednU sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ stnalp 99 ot 05 ro smargolik 99 ot 05 sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ stnalp 999 ot 001 ro smargolik 999 ot 001 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ 3stnalp erom ro 0001 ro erom ro smargolik 0001 anauhiraM sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ smarg 04 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ )ti fo eugolana yna fo tnuoma elbatceted a gniniatnoc erutxim a fo smarg 99-01 ro( smarg 993 ot 04 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ )ti fo eugolana yna fo tnuoma elbatceted a gniniatnoc ecnatsbus ro erutxim a fo erom ro smarg 001 ro( erom ro smarg 004 )"nioreh citehtnys" ,.e.i ,lynatneF( edimanaporp ]lynidirepip-4-)lyhtelynehp-2(-1[-N-lynehp-N sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ marg 1 naht sseL sraey 04 ot 5 noillim 5/2$ smarg 9 ot 1 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ erom ro smarg 01 )edimalyhteid dica cigresyl( DSL 9 A second offense is one committed after a prior conviction for a felony drug offense has become final. Id. 8 Id. 7 )edimalyhteid dica cigresyl(DSL sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 001 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 999 ot 001 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro margolik 1 PCP fo tnuoma elbatceted gniniatnoc ecnatsbus ro erutxiM sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 01 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 99 ot 01 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro smarg 001 )enidilcycnehp( PCP sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 5 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 94 ot 5 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro smarg 05 ).cte ",kcarC"( esab eniacoc gniniatnoc eninogce ro ,eniacoc ,sevael acoC sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 005 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 9994 ot 005 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro smargolik 5 )rosrucerp eniacoc a( eninogcE sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 005 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 9994 ot 005 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro smargolik 5 sevitavired dna fael acoC sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 001 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 999 ot 001 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro margolik enO nioreH 9 dn esneffo 2 raey 1 ot pU 000,052$/000,001$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus V eludehcS ynA 8 sraey 5 ot pU noillim 1$/000,052$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus VI eludehcS rehto ynA 7 sraey 51 ot pU noillim 5.2$/000,005$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus III eludehcS rehto ynA sraey 02 ot pU noillim 5/1$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus II ro I eludehcS rehto ynA date of April 13, 2009. 14 As amended by the Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, P.L. 110-425, with an effective date of April 13, 2009. 13 As amended by the Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, P.L. 110-425, with an effective 12 See supra note 5. of marihuana is punishable as simple possession under section 844, infra. Except in the case of 50 or more marihuana plants regardless of weight and except that distribution of a small amount 11 See supra note 3. 10 51sraey 01 ot pU noillim 2$/000,005$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus VI eludehcS rehto ynA 41sraey 03 ot pU noillim 5$/noillim 1$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus III eludehcS rehto ynA sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus II ro I eludehcS rehto ynA 31sraey 01 ot pU noillim 2$/000,005$ marg 1 naht sseL sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ marg 1 21mapezartinulF sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ thgiew yna dica cirytubyxordyh ammaG sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 5 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 94 ot 5 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro smarg 05 enimatehpmahteM sraey 01 ot pU noillim 2$/000,005$ stnalp 94 ot 1 ro ,lio hsihsah fo margolik eno ,hsihsah fo smargolik 01 11,smargolik 05 naht sseL sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ 01stnalp 99 ot 05 ro smargolik 99 ot 05 efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ )stnalp 999 ot 001 ro smargolik 999 ot 001 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ )stnalp erom ro 0001 ro erom ro smargolik 0001 anauhiraM sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ smarg 04 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ )ti fo eugolana yna fo tnuoma elbatceted a gniniatnoc erutxim a fo smarg 99-01 ro( smarg 993 ot 04 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ )ti fo eugolana yna fo tnuoma elbatceted a gniniatnoc ecnatsbus ro erutxim a fo erom ro smarg 001 ro( erom ro smarg 004 )"nioreh citehtnys" ,.e.i ,lynatneF( edimanaporp ]lynidirepip-4-)lyhtelynehp-2(-1[-N-lynehp-N sraey 03 ot pU noillim 01/2$ marg 1 naht sseL efil ot sraey 01 noillim 01/4$ smarg 9 ot 1 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 02/8$ erom ro smarg 01 not required. receipt or distribution of a reportable amount in units small enough so that the making of records or filing of reports is causing evasion of the record-keeping or reporting requirements of 21 U.S.C. 830 (or regulations pursuant thereto), knowing that the chemical will be used for unauthorized manufacture of a controlled substance; or, with intent of 18 Possession with intent to use for unauthorized manufacture of a controlled substance; possession or distribution manufacturing or otherwise distributing a controlled substance of using poisons, chemicals or other hazardous substances on Federal property while in the course of unlawfully 17 Creating a serious hazard to human or animal life, or harming the environment, or causing water pollution as a result 16 Id. 15 Id. (...continued) raey 1 ot pU 000,001$ ot pU ])33( 208 .C.S.U 12 rednu[ slacimehc detsiL slacimehc detsil detropernu fo noissessop gniwonK sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU ])33( 208 .C.S.U 12 rednu[ slacimehc detsiL noitubirtsid lufwalnu gniwonK ))f(148 .C.S.U 12( slacimehc )detsil( laitnesse fo noissessop ro noitubirtsid lufgnorW sraey 01 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU ])53(208 .C.S.U 12 rednu[ slacimehc II tsiL sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU ])43(208 .C.S.U 12 rednu[ slacimehc I tsiL 81 esneffo ynA ))c(148 .C.S.U 12( yllareneg ,slacimehc )detsil( laitnesse gnivlovni sesneffO sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA 71 ))6()b(148 .C.S.U 12( noitubirtsid ro gnirutcafunam ecnatsbus dellortnoc morf gnitluser ytreporp laredeF no egamad latnemnorivnE devlovni ecnatsbus devlovni ecnatsbus eht fo noitubirtsid rof enif eht fo noitubirtsid mumixam eht ro noillim 1$ rof mret mumixaM /000,005$ fo retaerG sthgiew lla/secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA ))5()b(148 .C.S.U 12( ytreporp laredeF no noitavitluC efiL esneffo dn2 sa emaS esneffo level pot a gnitutitsnoc stnuoma ni )evoba detacidni sa( tnemtaert ytlanep laiceps rof tuo delgnis ecnatsbus II ro I eludehcS A esneffo dr3 61 sraey 4 ot pU 000,005$/000,002$ thgiew yna ecnatsbus V eludehcS ynA ))g(148 .C.S.U 12( sgurD epaR etaD fo selaS tenretnI 91gurd epar etad a etubirtsid ot tenretnI eht gnisu ylgniwonK 000,052$ ot pU sraey 02 ot pU eht fo snaeM yb secnatsbuS dellortnoC gnisnepsiD 02))h(148 .C.S.U 12( tenretnI ,reviled ot tenretnI eht gnisu yllanoitnetni ro ylgniwonK dilav a tuohtiw ecnatsbus dellortnoc a esnepsid ro ,etubirtsid 12noitpircserp seitlanep eht ot gnidrocca denimreted secnetneS )ytivitca hcus gnitteba ro gnidia ro( 22)b(148 .C.S.U 12 rednu dezirohtua ot snoitacinummoc fo esu & sesneffo yrotalugeR )348 ,248 .C.S.U 12( noitubirtsid etatilicaf esneffo ts1 32yllareneG 000,001$ ot pU raey 1 ot pU 42.cte ,sesneffo noitpeceD 000,052$ ot pU sraey 4 ot pU sesneffo tnempiuqe enimatehpmahteM 000,052$ ot pU sraey 01 ot pU 52sesneffo tnemesitrevdA 000,052$ ot pU sraey 4 ot pU 19 "Date rape drug" means gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) or any controlled substance analogue of GHB, including gamma butyrolactone (GBL) or 1,4-butanediol; ketamine; flunitrazepam; or any substance which the Attorney General designates, through a rulemaking proceeding, to be used in committing rape or sexual assault. 21 U.S.C. 841(g)(2)(A). 20 Offense added by the Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, P.L. 110-425. The effective date of the Act is April 13, 2009. 21 Examples of prohibited activities include knowingly or intentionally: (1) delivering, distributing, or dispensing a controlled substance by means of the Internet by an online pharmacy that is not validly registered with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); (2) writing a prescription for a controlled substance for the purpose of delivery, distribution, or dispensation by means of the Internet; (3) serving as an agent, intermediary, or other entity that causes the Internet to be used to bring together a buyer and seller to engage in such distribution; (4) offering to fill a prescription for a controlled substance based solely on a consumer's completion of an online medical questionnaire; and (5) making a material false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or representation on the homepage of Internet sites operated by an online pharmacy regarding the pharmacy's compliance with federal and state controlled substance laws. 21 U.S.C. 841(h)(2). 22 See pages 1-5 of this report for these penalties, which vary by type of substance, weight or other factual circumstances, and repeat offender status. 21 U.S.C. 841(h)(4). 23 Knowingly distributing a controlled substance to an unauthorized person by a registrant, removing required labels, unlawful use of information acquired during a controlled substance inspection, failing to keep required records, etc. For more information about these federal requirements pertaining to the lawful handling of controlled substances, see CRS Report RL34635, The Controlled Substances Act: Regulatory Requirements, by James E. Nichols and Brian T. Yeh, 24 To knowingly: use fictitious, revoked, suspended or expired registration number; obtain a controlled substance by fraud, forgery, or other form of deceit; provide false information; use labels and other markings to render a drug a counterfeit substance; unlawfully possess certain controlled substance manufacturing equipment; being a registrant, unlawfully distribute a controlled substance in the course of legitimate business; create or receive a mixture containing listed chemicals to evade regulatory requirements. 25 Knowingly placing in any newspaper, magazine, handbill, or other publications, any written advertisement that has the purpose of seeking or offering illegally to receive, buy, or distribute a schedule I controlled substance. 21 U.S.C. 843(c). However, this offense does not include any advertisement that merely advocates the use of a schedule I controlled substance and does not attempt to propose or facilitate an actual transaction in a schedule I controlled substance. Id. The Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, P.L. 110-425, creates an additional advertisement offense, new subsection 21 U.S.C. 843(c)(2), effective April 13, 2009: knowingly or intentionally using the Internet to advertise the sale of, or to offer to sell, distribute, or dispense a controlled substance in a manner that is not authorized by federal controlled substances law, including directing prospective buyers to online pharmacies that are not registered with the DEA. The penalties for the offense are the same as those for advertising in printed publications. statute provides for a different mandatory penalty, the higher prevails. mandatory 1-year minimum is provided with respect to an offense involving 5 grams or less of marihuana. Where the 28 Also, at least twice any term of supervised released otherwise authorized for a first offense. An exception to the private youth center, public swimming pool, or video arcade facility. university, or a playground, or housing facility owned by a public housing authority, or within 100 feet of a public or public or private elementary, vocational, or secondary school or a public or private college, junior college, or 27 The offense includes distribution or manufacturing in or on, or within 1,000 feet of the real property comprising a an amount of 5 grams or less. 26 Except that violation carries a mandatory minimum of no less than one year unless the offense involves marihuana in sraey 02 naht erom on rof tnemnosirpmi sulp desopmi sa ecnetnes rehtO enimatehpmahtem gnivlovni esneffo ynA nosirp ni sraey 3 tsael ta tub erutcafunam ro noitubirtsid rof dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht semit eerht ot pU )enimatehpmahtem tpecxe( secnatsbus llA esneffo dn2 82nosirp ni raey 1 tsael ta tub erutcafunam ro noitubirtsid rof dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht eciwt ot pU )enimatehpmahtem tpecxe( secnatsbus llA esneffo ts1 72)a068 ,068 .C.S.U 12( seitilicaf lanoitaercer deretnec-htuoy niatrec ro ,segelloc ,sloohcs raen ro ni gnirutcafunam ro noitubirtsiD dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht semit eerht ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo dn2 62 dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht eciwt ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ts1 )958 .C.S.U 12( redlo ro 81 ega esoht yb 12 ega rednu snosrep ot noitubirtsiD dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht semit eerht ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo dn2 dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht eciwt ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ts1 )948 .C.S.U 12( aerA tseR yawhgiH ro potS kcurT a fo teeF 0001 nihtiW secnatsbuS dellortnoC gnitubirtsiD ro gnirutcafunaM sraey 8 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU sesneffo tnemesitrevdA sraey 02 ot pU 000,06$ ot pU sesneffo tnempiuqe enimatehpmahteM sraey 8 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU .cte ,sesneffo noitpeceD sraey 2 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU yllareneG esneffo dn2 controlled substance. 32 Assembly, maintenance, or placement--in connection with the manufacture, distribution, or dispensing of a 31 Distributing a controlled substance to another with the intent to commit a crime of violence upon the victim. or narcotic offense chargeable under State law. of any offense under the Controlled Substances Act or the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act and any drug 30 For purposes of the section under which the possession penalties are imposed, a prior conviction includes conviction "small amount" of marihuana for no remuneration. investigation and prosecution of the offense. Penalties for simple possession are also applicable to distribution of a If convicted of a simple possession offense, the defendant is required, if able, to pay the "reasonable costs" of the29 sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esneffo dn2 sraey 01 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esneffo ts1 23))d(148 .C.S.U 12( ytreporp laredeF no spartybooB sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA 13 ))7()b(148 .C.S.U 12( ecneloiv fo emirc a timmoc ot ecnatsbus dellortnoc a fo esU esneffo gniylrednu eht rof seitlanep sa emaS secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )369 ,648 .C.S.U 12( ycaripsnoc dna tpmettA ¢ sraey 3 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU mapezartinulF esneffo ynA sraey 3 ot syad 09 000,5$ naht ssel toN rehto llA sraey 02 ot 5 000,1$ naht ssel toN marg 1 revo ,esab eniacoC esneffo dr3 sraey 2 ot syad 51 005,2$ naht ssel toN rehto llA sraey 02 ot 5 000,1$ naht ssel toN smarg 3 revo ,esab eniacoC 03esneffo dn2 raey 1 ot pU 000,1$ naht ssel toN rehto llA sraey 02 ot 5 000,1$ naht ssel toN smarg 5 revo ,esab eniacoC esneffo ts1 92 )448 .C.S.U 12( noissessop elpmiS sraey 3 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU ailanrehparap gurd ,lles ot sliam eht fo esu ro ,fo noitatropsnart dna elas ngierof ro etatsretnI )368 .C.S.U 12( ailanrehparap gurd ni gnikciffarT and subsequent offenses are governed by 21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1)(A). 36 Also, at least three times any term of supervised release otherwise authorized for a first offense. Penalties for third penalty otherwise authorized for the offense would prevail. 35 Also, at least twice any term of supervised release otherwise authorized for a first offense. Any higher mandatory more a year, or involves 200 times of the amount of controlled substances required under 21 U.S.C. 841. 34 Except in the case of methamphetamine, where these provisions apply to any enterprise that grosses $5 million or Note that some violations carry the death penalty as discussed supra. or any other position of management, and (B) from which such person obtains substantial income or resources. five or more other persons with respect to whom such person occupies a position of organizer, a supervisory position, is a part of a continuing series of violations of those statutes (A) which are undertaken by the person in concert with felony violation of the Controlled Substances Act or the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act, (2) the violation Under the statute, a person is considered to be engaged in a continuing criminal enterprise if (1) he commits any 33 sraey 5 ot pU 000,05$ ot pU 81 rednu nosrep a ot noitubirtsid ro 41 rednu nosrep fo esU esneffo ynA nosirp ni raey 1 tsael ta tub esneffo gniylrednu eht rof 63 dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht semit eerht ot pU yllareneG esneffo dn2 53nosirp ni raey 1 tsael ta tub esneffo gniylrednu eht rof dezirohtua esiwrehto seitlanep eht eciwt ot pU yllareneG esneffo ts1 )168 .C.S.U 12( laudividni tnangerp a ot noitubirtsid dezirohtuanu ro )ASC eht fo noitaloiv rof( ega fo sraey 81 rednu snosrep fo tnemyolpmE sraey 01 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )858 .C.S.U 12( ecnatsbus dellortnoc a gnirutcafunam yllagelli elihw efil namuh gniregnadnE sraey 02 ot pU 000,005$ ot pU secnatsbus llA secnatsbus dellortnoc fo esu ro noitubirtsid ,erutcafunam lufwalnu rof ecalp a elbaliava gnikam ro gnicnanif ,gniniatniam ,gninepO )658 .C.S.U 12( snoitarepo gnirutcafunam gnihsilbatsE efil noillim 4$ ot pU secnatsbus llA 148 .C.S.U 12 fo seitlanep noitubirtsid ereves tsom eht reggirt ot deriuqer secnatsbus dellortnoc fo tnuoma eht 43semit 003 gnivlovni ro erom ro raey a noillim 01$ sessorg taht esirpretne na gnivlovni ,tnapicitrap rojam a si redneffo eht fi ,esneffo ynA efil ot sraey 03 noillim 4$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo dn2 efil ot sraey 02 noillim 2$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ts1 33)848 .C.S.U 12( )"nipgnik"( )ECC( esirpretnE lanimirC gniunitnoC The penalties listed for this offense apply in addition to the punishment provided for the drug trafficking crime. 37 efil relffum/recnelis a htiw deppiuqe ro ,ecived evitcurtsed ro nugenihcam a si mraerif fI sraey 52 naht ssel toN yllareneG mraerif a gnivlovni esneffo tneuqesbus ro dn2 sraey 03 naht ssel toN relffum/recnelis a htiw deppiuqe ro ,ecived evitcurtsed ro nugenihcam a si mraerif fI sraey 01 naht ssel toN nopaew tluassa citamotuaimes ro ,nugtohs delerrab-trohs ,elfir delerrab-trohs a si mraerif fI sraey 01 naht ssel toN degrahcsid si mraerif a fI sraey 7 naht ssel toN dehsidnarb si mraerif a fI sraey 5 naht ssel toN yllareneG mraerif a gnivlovni esneffo ts1 73)emirc gnikciffart gurd a ot noitcennoc ni noitinumma gnicreip romra ro smraerif fo noissessop ro esu( )c(429 .C.S.U 81 sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esirpretne gnireetekcar eht fo noitatilicaf ro noitomorP sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esirpretne gnireetekcar eht morf sdeecorp eht gnitubirtsiD stluser htaed fi efil ro sraey fo mret yna ro ,sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esirpretne gnireetekcar eht fo ecnarehtruf ni ecneloiv fo emirc A :tca gniwollof eht timmoc ot tnetni eht dna ecnatsbus ynA )2591 .C.S.U 81( secnatsbus dellortnoc gnivlovni esirpretne gnireetekcar a fo dia ni seitilicaf etatsretni fo esu :tcA levarT 000,000,5$ sraey 03 ot pU ot pU )tnega ro reciffo noitazinagro( esneffo ynA 000,000,01$ ot pU )noitazinagro( esneffo ynA sraey 01 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU )laudividni( esneffo ynA )6091 .C.S.U 12( srekciffart scitocran ngierof tnacifingis htiw snoitcasnart laicnanif gnibircsorp snoitaluger fo noitaloiV sraey 8 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esneffo dn2 sraey 4 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU esneffo ts1 )468 .C.S.U 12( ecnatsbus dellortnoc a erutcafunam ot desu eb lliw hcus taht egdelwonk ro tnetni htiw ainomma suordyhna nelots fo noitatropsnart ro ,ainomma suordyhna fo tfehT .)1()b(148 .C.S.U 12 rednu dezirohtua tnemhsinup muminim stsirorret ot eulav yrainucep fo gnihtyna eht eciwt tsael tA 000,052$ ot pU edivorp ot gnidnetni ro gniwonk ytivitca gurd detibihorp ni gnigagnE )a069 .C.S.U 12( msirorreT-ocraN sraey 3 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU tluassa suoires a timmoc ro miam ot ycaripsnoc ro tpmettA sraey 01 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU pandik ro redrum ot ycaripsnoc ro tpmettA sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU staerhT sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU yrujni suoireS sraey 03 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU gnimiaM nosirp ni efil ot pU 000,052$ ot pU gnippandiK efil 000,052$ ot pU redruM :tca lanimirc gniwollof eht dna ecnatsbus yna gnivlovni esneffo ynA )9591 .C.S.U 81( OCIR fo dia ni ecneloiv fo emirc detasnepmoC efil si etaciderp eht rof mumixam eht fi efil ro sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU sgurd suoregnad dna citocraN esneffo ynA ))3691 .C.S.U 81()OCIR(( esirpretne etatsretni na fo sriaffa eht ni etapicitrap ro etarepo ,eriuqca ,ni tsevni ot ynolef gurd suoregnad ro citocran erom ro eno gnidulcni ytivitca gnireetekcar fo nrettap a fo noissimmoC efil 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA ))c(9553 .C.S.U 81( snoitcivnoc ynolef tneloiv suoires roirp erom ro 2 ro noitcivnoc ynolef tneloiv suoires roirp a dna )esneffo gnikciffart dehsinup ylsuoires tsom ro nipgnik gurd( noitcivnoc ecnatsbus dellortnoc suoires roirp a htiw laudividni na yb ynolef tneloiv suoires a fo noissimmoc :sekirts eerhT sraey 51 naht ssel toN 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA ))e(429 .C.S.U 81( snoitcivnoc emirc tneloiv roirp ro )erom ro sraey 01 rof tnemnosirpmi yb elbahsinup semirc gurd( snoitcivnoc ecnatsbus dellortnoc suoires roirp erom ro 3 htiw nosrep deifilauqsid rehto ro nolef detcivnoc a yb mraerif a fo noissessop :lanimirc reerac demrA sraey 6 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU rethgualsnam rof desu si noitinumma hcus fI sraey 01 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU rethgualsnam rof desu si noitinumma hcus fI efil ro sraey fo mret ynA redrum rof desu si noitinumma hcus fI sraey 51 naht ssel toN noissessop ro esU noitinumma gnicreip romra gnivlovni esneffo ynA 000,05$ ro sraey 01 ot pU sdeecorp/tiforp X2 fo retaerg eht ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )558 ,458 .C.S.U 12( stiforp gurd ticilli f o tnemtsevnI sraey 5 ot pU redrob .S.U a ssorca 000,01 $ naht erom gnilaecnoc ylgniwonK )2335 .C.S.U 13( setatS detinU eht fo tuo ro otni gnilggums hsac kluB sraey 01 ot pU 000,005$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo dn2 sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ts1 )2235 .C.S.U 13( gnitroper noitatropsnart dna noitcasnart ycnerruC derednual $ fo tnuoma sraey 01 ot pU eht X2 ro 000,052$ fo retaerg ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )7591 .C.S.U 81( ytivitca lufwalnu morf devired ytreporp ni ciffart yratenoM derednual $ fo tnuoma sraey 02 ot pU eht X2 ro 000,005$ fo retaerg ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )6591 .C.S.U 81( gnirednuaL ¢ sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )0951 .C.S.U 91( gnilggums noitaivA sraey 51 ot pU yB decnahnE esneffO enimatehpmahteM rof ecnetneS tnemnosirpmI esneffo ynA )568 .C.S.U 12( smargorp yrtne detatilicaf gnisu elihw setatS detinU eht otni slacimehc rosrucerp enimatehpmahtem ro enimatehpmahtem gnilggumS sraey 2 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )645 .C.S.U 81( seirtnuoC ngieroF otni sdooG gnilggumS sraey 02 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )545 .C.S.U 81( setatS detinU eht otni sdooG gnilggumS byeh@crs.loc.gov, 7-5182 cdoyle@crs.loc.gov, 7-6968 Legislative Attorney Senior Specialist in American Public Law Brian T. Yeh Charles Doyle sraey 3 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )6027 .C.S.U 62( ]snoitaloiv hcus morf emocni gninrecnoc[ stnemetats eslaf dna duarF sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )3027 .C.S.U 62( ]snoitaloiv hcus rof emocni gninrecnoc[ nruter elif ot eruliaf luflliW sraey 5 ot pU 000,052$ ot pU secnatsbus llA esneffo ynA )1027 .C.S.U 62( ]snoitaloiv ecnatsbus dellortnoc morf emocni gninrecnoc[ noisave detpmettA ¡ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-RL30722