Number: 96-767 Title: Chinese Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Background and Analysis Authors: Shirley A. Kan, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division Abstract: Congress has been concerned about Chinese missile, nuclear, and chemical-related transfers. In 1991 and 1993, the U.S. government twice determined Chinese violations of the Missile Technology Control Regime guidelines, and determined both cases to have involved transfers of Category II missile components for the M-11 short-range ballistic missile to Pakistan. Although the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) does not ban peaceful nuclear projects, certain Chinese nuclear transfers to Pakistan and Iran may have violated the NPT and/or U.S. laws. In 1995, China reportedly sold to Pakistan unsafeguarded ring magnets that could be used for uranium enrichment. The Clinton Administration decided that U.S. sanctions were not warranted. Since 1992, China has responded to U.S. and other pressures to participate in some parts of international nonproliferation regimes. Pages: 43 Date: Updated September 13, 1996